[{"content":"This website now feels finished enough to deserve a proper description.\nNot finished in the absolute sense, because websites are rarely finished, but finished enough to have a clear internal logic. It is no longer just a personal site assembled page by page. It has become a small publishing system shaped around the kind of work I actually do: papers, projects, public resources, open questions, and a more reflective kind of writing alongside them.\nI have decided to call this template Arvel Scholar.\nThe lineage The site is built with Hugo and ultimately rests on the PaperMod theme. That is the technical foundation.\nBut it would be misleading to say that this is simply a PaperMod website. The site also builds on Pascal Michaillat\u0026rsquo;s Hugo website template, which is itself a highly thoughtful academic reinterpretation of PaperMod. Pascal also wrote about that template here: A Hugo website template for academics.\nSo the path is straightforward:\nPaperMod Pascal Michaillat\u0026rsquo;s academic customization of it my own further customization for a bilingual research website That last stage is what I am calling Arvel Scholar.\nWhy I changed it The main issue was not appearance alone. It was structure.\nI did not want one undifferentiated stream of posts. I wanted the site to distinguish more clearly between different kinds of academic work:\npapers projects resources questions writing Those categories do not behave the same way, and they should not look as if they do. A paper is not a project. A resource page is not a reflective note. A question is not a blog post. The site therefore needed more than a theme; it needed clearer internal rules.\nThere was also a practical reason for the redesign: before this consolidation, parts of my web presence were spread across separate systems.\nthe main personal site was on WordPress the old Questions site was a full Jekyll site using the Chirpy theme the old Resources site was another full Jekyll site using Just the Docs So this was not just a theme customization exercise. It was also a migration away from fragmentation.\nThe main difference from Pascal\u0026rsquo;s version The homepage is where the divergence became most visible, and two features matter more than any others there:\ndark and light mode English and French language support Those might sound like modest additions, but they fundamentally change the site.\nPascal\u0026rsquo;s version gave me a strong academic presentation model. What I needed on top of that was a site that could move comfortably between languages and that could feel usable across different reading conditions. That meant the homepage had to become not just elegant, but operational.\nPart of that shift is visible directly in the configuration:\ndefaultContentLanguage: en defaultContentLanguageInSubdir: false languages: en: languageName: English contentDir: content/en fr: languageName: Français contentDir: content/fr params: defaultTheme: auto disableThemeToggle: false The meaning of that block is simple: this site is built to move between languages, and it is built to move between visual modes.\nThe theme toggle is equally small in code and equally important in practice:\ndocument.getElementById(\u0026#34;theme-toggle\u0026#34;).addEventListener(\u0026#34;click\u0026#34;, () =\u0026gt; { if (document.body.className.includes(\u0026#34;dark\u0026#34;)) { document.body.classList.remove(\u0026#34;dark\u0026#34;); localStorage.setItem(\u0026#34;pref-theme\u0026#34;, \u0026#34;light\u0026#34;); } else { document.body.classList.add(\u0026#34;dark\u0026#34;); localStorage.setItem(\u0026#34;pref-theme\u0026#34;, \u0026#34;dark\u0026#34;); } }); This is not a spectacular technical innovation. But it changes the way the site is inhabited. It makes the homepage less like a static statement and more like a working surface.\nThe language layer is just as important. In the earlier Jekyll sites, multilingual logic was not part of the overall architecture. Here it is built directly into the site structure:\ncontent/ ├── en/ │ ├── papers/ │ ├── projects/ │ ├── resources/ │ ├── questions/ │ └── writing/ └── fr/ ├── papers/ ├── projects/ ├── resources/ ├── questions/ └── writing/ That shift is one of the reasons the homepage now feels more integrated than the older sites.\nWhat changed in practice The homepage now acts less like a generic landing page and more like an orientation page. It introduces the site as a research environment rather than a simple list of recent content.\nBeyond that, I spent time making the internal sections more legible.\nPapers The papers section had to remain plain and citation-friendly. I wanted it to read as a research archive rather than as a promotional page.\nProjects The projects section needed stronger internal framing. Projects have their own timeline, status, and purpose, and they should not be visually collapsed into publications.\nResources The resources section needed cleaner navigation and a more practical layout. These pages often function as documentation, teaching materials, or public references rather than as ordinary posts.\nThis section is also one of the clearest examples of migration in practice. Before this Hugo site, Resources Wall was its own Jekyll documentation website using Just the Docs. In its old configuration, the theme declaration looked like this:\nremote_theme: \u0026#34;just-the-docs/just-the-docs\u0026#34; plugins: - jekyll-seo-tag - jekyll-github-metadata - jekyll-include-cache - jekyll-sitemap - jekyll-remote-theme That setup worked well for documentation, but it also kept the resources in a separate publishing universe. Migrating them into Hugo meant they could sit inside the same research website while still keeping a clearer resource-specific presentation.\nQuestions The questions section is one of the most specific parts of the site. It is closer to a structured intellectual notebook than to a conventional category archive.\nThis part of the site also has its own earlier history. Before being folded into the current structure, Questions was a separate Jekyll site built with Chirpy. Its theme configuration was explicit:\ntheme: jekyll-theme-chirpy title: Questions tagline: A collection of the questions that keep me awake url: \u0026#34;https://questions.mkante.ml\u0026#34; That earlier site already had a strong identity, but it remained disconnected from the rest of my publishing. Rebuilding Questions inside Hugo was less about preserving the old theme and more about preserving the intellectual function of the section while integrating it into a larger whole.\nSome of that differentiation appears directly in the templates:\n{{ $isQuestionsPage := eq .Section \u0026#34;questions\u0026#34; }} {{ $isProjectsPage := eq .Section \u0026#34;projects\u0026#34; }} {{ if $isQuestionsPage }} \u0026lt;div class=\u0026#34;questions-shell\u0026#34;\u0026gt; ... \u0026lt;/div\u0026gt; {{ else if $isProjectsPage }} \u0026lt;div class=\u0026#34;project-single-meta\u0026#34;\u0026gt; ... \u0026lt;/div\u0026gt; {{ end }} The point is not the snippet itself. The point is that the site now accepts that different forms of academic work need different display logic.\nMigration, not just redesign Another important part of this story is that the present site was not created only by hand-copying content from one place to another. The main site itself came from a WordPress to Hugo migration workflow.\nHugo\u0026rsquo;s official migration page is here: Migrate to Hugo. It points to tools for moving content from several systems, including WordPress and Jekyll. In the WordPress case, it specifically lists wordpress-to-hugo-exporter, which is the path I had in mind when working through the exported material.\nAt a very rough level, one part of the change looked like this:\n# Jekyll bundle exec jekyll serve versus:\n# Hugo hugo hugo server That comparison is simplistic, but it captures something real. The move to Hugo was also a move toward a faster, cleaner, and more unified build process.\nWhy the name Arvel Scholar I considered other names, including Reflective Scholar Mode, but that one sounds more like an interface setting than a template identity.\nArvel Scholar feels more appropriate. It sounds like a template that could stand on its own: a derivative academic website system, rooted in an existing theme tradition but adapted for a more personal and multilingual use.\nIt is not meant to replace PaperMod, and it certainly does not erase Pascal Michaillat\u0026rsquo;s contribution. On the contrary, the point of this work is precisely that careful adaptation can be more productive than starting from nothing.\nWhat this site now represents At this point, I no longer think of the site as “my PaperMod site.”\nIt is better described as a bilingual research website built from:\nthe technical and visual strengths of PaperMod the academic clarity of Pascal Michaillat\u0026rsquo;s template a further layer of customization for my own work That final layer is where the site becomes mine.\nAnd that, for now, is what Arvel Scholar names.\n","permalink":"/writing/arvel-scholar-building-a-research-website-from-papermod-and-pascal-michaillat/","summary":"A note on how this website evolved from Hugo PaperMod and Pascal Michaillat\u0026rsquo;s academic template into a more tailored structure for multilingual research publishing.","title":"Arvel Scholar: from PaperMod to a more personal research website"},{"content":"Application to Research Grants on Education: Small. Not selected.\n","permalink":"/projects/failures/2025-06-01-research-grants-on-education-small/","summary":"Small-grant application that did not succeed.","title":"Research Grants on Education: Small"},{"content":"13 September 2021 - 13 September 2025.\nIt has already been four years since he left us physically, yet his presence remains vivid among us.\nHe wanted me to pursue research, and I strive every day to live by the values he wished for me: hard work, hard work, and harder work.\nTogether with one of my brothers, we are preparing a short research note to mark this fourth year of remembrance.\nNo words could ever be enough, but my hope, our hope, is simply that the CINI becomes a living legacy, carrying forward his spirit of knowledge, research, and service to the community. As Soninke, our reputation has long been tied to migration and trade, rarely to academic pursuit. He stood against that current and changed the story. It is now our task to keep that alive.\nThe third Nianguiry Kante colloquium, CINI will take place in 2026. The call for papers will be announced very soon.\nKeep an eye on cini.ml.\n","permalink":"/writing/4-years-on/","summary":"13 September 2021 - 13 September 2025. A note of remembrance, continuity, and work still to be carried forward.","title":"Four years on"},{"content":"In May, I led a third-party monitoring (TPM) mission from Bamako to Mopti and onward by road toward the Koro area, passing through Bandiagara and Bankass.\nChoosing to travel by road was not a trivial decision. Access was uncertain, information shifted quickly, and the route itself demanded caution. But independent verification requires presence.\nOn the ground, we listened more than we spoke. Across community spaces and service points, similar realities kept emerging: displacement, disrupted livelihoods, heightened risks for women and children, and the quiet resilience of people who continue to support one another in difficult conditions.\nAs head of mission, I felt the weight of two responsibilities at once:\nthe duty of care toward the team; and the duty of accuracy toward the people whose realities we were documenting. Every note, image, and dataset had to protect identities while still conveying enough truth to inform decisions. We came back not only with evidence, but with practical recommendations on referral pathways, service gaps, and the need to adapt to a context that changes from day to day.\n","permalink":"/writing/notes-from-a-may-tpm-mission-to-central-mali/","summary":"A few notes from a third-party monitoring mission from Bamako to central Mali, carried out in a context of uncertainty and difficult access.","title":"Notes from a May TPM mission to central Mali"},{"content":"This paper examines the integration of deep learning and natural language processing (NLP) to develop medical chatbots that provide diagnoses and recommendations based on user-provided symptoms. The rural commune of Sangarébougou in Mali serves as a case study for the development and deployment of this chatbot. The project begins with the collection and preprocessing of a corpus of health data, followed by the analysis and tokenisation of the textual data. Various NLP and deep learning algorithms are then applied to train the chatbot model. The implementation uses several Python libraries, including TensorFlow and NLTK, to run the text processing and machine learning models. The results show that modern NLP and deep learning techniques can achieve satisfactory performance in supporting automated medical. The developed chatbot can understand user questions and provide accurate, relevant answers, thereby enhancing healthcare accessibility in rural areas.\n","permalink":"/papers/designing-a-chatbot-to-analyze-patient-sentiment/","summary":"A journal article on chatbot design and patient-sentiment analysis in the context of the Sangarébougou Community Health Center.","title":"Designing a chatbot to analyze patient sentiment: The case of the Sangarébougou Community Health Center"},{"content":"Application connected to the RSTMH Annual Meeting 2025 on AI in Global Health. Not selected.\n","permalink":"/projects/failures/2025-03-01-rstmh-ai-in-global-health/","summary":"Conference-related application that did not succeed.","title":"RSTMH Annual Meeting 2025: AI in Global Health"},{"content":"Objectives Pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Mali, often face challenges such as limited access to comprehensive health information and services. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions, particularly SMS-based interventions, have shown promise in addressing maternal health challenges. This review aims to provide an overview of existing SMS-based antenatal care (ANC) applications and assess their effectiveness in improving maternal and child health outcomes.\nDesign A systematic literature review was conducted based on updated PRISMA 2020 guidelines.\nData sources PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Association for Information Systems eLibrary, Direct Science and Google Scholar were searched through 25 March 2024.\nEligibility criteria Studies that focused on SMS-based interventions designed to improve ANC information and attendance, published in English or French, conducted in LMICs and published between 2014 and 2024 were included. Exclusion criteria eliminated studies that did not report primary outcomes or did not directly involve SMS-based interventions for ANC.\nData extraction and synthesis Relevant data were systematically extracted, including study characteristics, intervention details, and outcome measures. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomised trials (RoB 2), the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) and the Checklist for Reporting the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions in Healthcare (CReDECI), depending on the study design. A subgroup analysis was performed to explore variations in outcomes by region and study design.\nResults The review identified a range of SMS-based interventions (n=12) that differed in target audience, message frequency (weekly, pregnancy stage-oriented) and content (reminders (91.7% of cases, 11/12), educational (75%) and danger signs (16.7%)). Regional analysis highlighted significant research activity in East Africa but with mixed significance levels. The study design analysis revealed that randomised controlled trials yielded the most significant results, with five of eight studies showing full significance, whereas quasi-experimental studies demonstrated consistent but less frequent effectiveness. Implementation tools varied from SMS gateways to custom applications and third-party platforms, with some interventions combining these approaches. SMS interventions positively impacted ANC attendance, maternal health knowledge and behaviours, with effectiveness varying based on the intervention type, content, frequency and implementation approach.\nConclusion SMS-based interventions have the potential to enhance ANC in LMICs by providing tailored health information and promoting healthy behaviours. Further research should focus on refining or replicating these interventions and exploring their long-term effects on maternal and child health outcomes, particularly in underrepresented regions.\nDOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089671\n","permalink":"/papers/effectiveness-of-sms-based-interventions-in-enhancing-antenatal-care/","summary":"A systematic review of SMS-based antenatal care interventions in low- and middle-income countries, with attention to maternal and child health outcomes.","title":"Effectiveness of SMS-based interventions in enhancing antenatal care in developing countries : a systematic review"},{"content":"On 6-7 January 2025, I had the honour of facilitating the second international workshop on research project writing and online data-production tools in insecure contexts, held in Bamako. Following the success of the first workshop in Ouagadougou, this event marked another step in equipping researchers with practical skills for working in demanding environments across the Sahel.\nHighlights This two-day event brought together more than 50 doctoral students, academics, and practitioners from institutions in Mali, Cote d\u0026rsquo;Ivoire, and Burkina Faso. The first day was organised around project presentations that reflected the diversity of research interests and methodological challenges in our contexts.\nSome of the presentations included:\nGroup 1: Dr Esther Konsimbo, Mr Ismael Compaore, and Mr Bourahima Konkobo on media influence among young people and the differences in perception between urban and rural areas. Group 2: a presentation developed with Professor Heidi Bojsen and Mr Souleymane Lamine on complex relations between former colonial powers and their former colonies in West Africa, with a focus on influential X users in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger. Group 3: Dr Amado Kabore and Dr Marcel Bagare on media and education in the Sahelian space. Group 4: a presentation with Mme Bintou Kone, Pr Rosa DeJorio, Pr Brema Ely Dicko, Dr Youssouf Karambe, and Dr Waliyu Karimu on the circulation of misinformation and the evolving role of influencers on social networks. Each presentation was followed by lively discussion and constructive feedback from moderators and the audience.\nPractical training sessions A major highlight of the workshop was the hands-on training based on my resource site. Participants worked through practical exercises with Zotero for reference management and Gephi for network analysis. The emphasis was on practice rather than theory alone, so that people left with usable skills they could directly reinvest in their own research workflows.\nOvercoming challenges As often happens in this kind of workshop, network issues complicated some sessions. Still, the team\u0026rsquo;s adaptability ensured those constraints did not undermine the overall experience.\nLooking ahead Facilitating this workshop was deeply rewarding. Building on what I learned in Ouagadougou, I refined the format for Bamako and was glad to see participants leave with new tools, methods, and questions of their own.\nWorkshops like this show the importance of knowledge-sharing platforms that connect research and practice in contexts shaped by security constraints and limited resources. I intend to continue developing this work and future collaborations with the network.\n","permalink":"/writing/building-research-capacity-highlights-from-bamakos-second-international-workshop/","summary":"A fuller recap of the second international workshop in Bamako on research project writing and online data-production tools in insecure contexts.","title":"Building research capacity: highlights from Bamako's second international workshop"},{"content":"On 16-17 December 2024, I took part in the Sahel Symposium 2024, a hybrid and bilingual event co-hosted by Uppsala University\u0026rsquo;s Forum for Africa Studies and the Institut des Sciences Humaines (ISH) in Bamako. The symposium, organised around citizen perspectives on societal challenges, brought together scholars and practitioners to discuss research and practical responses to major issues in the Sahel.\nThe event linked two physical venues, one in Uppsala and one in Bamako, while also welcoming online participants. That dual-site format made it possible to hold an inclusive dialogue across institutions and countries.\nI was involved in two ways: as part of the organising effort and as a presenter. During the session on building international and transnational research networks, I shared reflections on conference organisation and transnational collaboration, drawing on experiences such as the Mande Studies Association conference.\nI also presented HealthyMaman, a project supported by RSTMH, during the session on developing partnerships. My talk highlighted the project\u0026rsquo;s milestones, especially its SMS-based approach to improving antenatal care attendance in Mali. A live demonstration of the application showed group messaging, weekly updates, and adaptable multilingual communication templates.\nParticipating in the symposium was enriching both as a presenter and as an organiser. It offered a strong platform for sharing ideas, demonstrating concrete solutions, and building lasting partnerships around societal challenges.\nFor more about the symposium and its sessions, see Forum for Africa Studies and the Citizen Perspectives in Mali programme.\n","permalink":"/writing/reflections-on-the-2024-sahel-symposium-presenting-healthymaman-and-stimulating-partnerships/","summary":"A fuller reflection on the 2024 Sahel Symposium and on presenting HealthyMaman within a broader conversation about research partnerships.","title":"Reflections on the 2024 Sahel Symposium: presenting HealthyMaman and stimulating partnerships"},{"content":"I am excited, and honestly a bit nervous, to share a new project: a dedicated platform for the questions that challenge, inspire, and sometimes haunt me.\nThis was not an easy decision. Putting such personal lines of thought into a public space feels strange, but I believe there is value in sharing them. These questions deal with ambition, decolonisation, identity, poverty, technology, and what it truly means to flourish in a low-resource setting.\nBuilding this platform took effort and a bit of courage, but I am glad I did it. The goal is not to provide final answers. It is to create a space for reflection, conversation, and learning.\nhttps://questions.mkante.ml Every question includes a Disqus comment section, so readers can join the conversation, share insights, or raise new questions I had not considered.\nYou can visit the platform here. I have also added a link to it under the projects section of this site.\nLet us think together.\n","permalink":"/writing/exploring-the-questions-that-keep-me-awake/","summary":"A fuller introduction to a platform dedicated to the questions that challenge, inspire, and sometimes haunt me.","title":"Exploring the questions that keep me awake"},{"content":"We were honoured to take part in the symposium on journals and publishing venues in Mali in the era of the digital revolution, geopolitical issues, and ideological conflicts.\nBuilding on the experience of RASP, one of the flagship journals of the sub-region, and on our involvement in the digital transition of other journals, we continue to carry forward a pan-African intellectual heritage transmitted by the founders of RASP.\nThese are minds that not only helped create other journals in Mali and elsewhere, but still push us to support the adoption of sound publishing practices that can strengthen African science.\n#panafricanism #openscience #Mali\nhttps://revue-rasp.org\n","permalink":"/writing/journals-and-publishing-venues-in-mali-in-the-era-of-the-digital-revolution/","summary":"A fuller note on participating in a symposium about journals and publishing venues in Mali in a period of digital transformation and geopolitical tension.","title":"Journals and publishing venues in Mali in the era of the digital revolution"},{"content":"In the constantly evolving world of research, especially around data collection and analysis, it can be difficult for academics and researchers to keep up with advanced tools. That became especially clear during a recent international workshop, held from 24 to 26 October 2024, where I led a session on online data-production tools for insecure contexts. With participants coming from different backgrounds, the workshop aimed to introduce simple and accessible tools for data analysis, even to people with minimal technical experience.\nThe preliminary survey I conducted among participants showed clearly that, although familiarity with advanced tools was limited, motivation to learn was very high. That shaped a session built around clarity, accessibility, and practical use, so that each participant would leave with tools they could continue to use beyond the workshop. In this post, I look back on the structure of the workshop, the tools we explored, the feedback we received, and the way these ideas may shape future sessions.\nI was invited by the international network Media, security crises, and youth in West Africa. The network brings together professors from Burkina Faso, Denmark, Mali, Niger, Sweden, and the United States, along with the NGO International Media Support (IMS), based in Denmark.\nPreparation and invitation The months and weeks leading up to the workshop were filled with careful preparation. I spent time designing training materials that were both engaging and informative. But first, a few words about how it began.\nIn May 2024, while I was heavily involved in preparing the MANSA 2024 conference, I received an unexpected proposal. Professor Heidi Bojsen, who coordinates the network, invited me to contribute as a trainer for an international workshop on research-project writing and online data-production tools in unsecured contexts. Professor Lassane Yameogo also took part in those early discussions.\nAfter the successful completion of MANSA, I finally had the space to focus properly on the workshop. We resumed contact, received ideas and needs from participants, and I started designing the content so that it would respond to the actual realities of the people attending.\nAs preparation progressed, I realized I wanted to go beyond a one-off training session. The goal became clear: to create something that would continue serving participants even after the workshop ended. That is how the idea of a documentation website took shape, as a resource participants could revisit while putting what they had learned into practice. The committee welcomed the idea, which strengthened my determination to build a solid, accessible, and durable resource.\nI also ran a pre-workshop survey to assess participants\u0026rsquo; level. The results showed limited familiarity with advanced data-analysis tools, programming, and statistics, but a strong willingness to gain practical skills. Most respondents had little exposure to tools beyond software such as SPSS, NVivo, or R. Twelve participants reported no programming knowledge at all, and none described themselves as intermediate or advanced. The same pattern appeared for tools such as Orange Data Mining, Gephi, and Voyant: twelve participants did not know them, and only two had minimal exposure.\nMy objective was therefore to create content that would speak to a diverse audience with different levels of experience and different research backgrounds. I collaborated with colleagues on the organizing committee to design interactive sessions, case studies, a supporting documentation site (\u0026lt;/resources/\u0026gt;), and presentations that would make the learning experience more effective.\nThe workshop When we arrived in Ouagadougou, we were welcomed warmly by the organizers. I traveled with four participants from Bamako: Professor Brema Ely Dicko, Dr Youssouf Karembe, Mr Aly Maiga, and Professor Sten Hagberg. The workshop took place in the conference room of the National Institute of Social Sciences of Burkina Faso.\nOver two days, professionals and academics from different countries gathered to exchange ideas and perspectives. My sessions focused on the use of digital tools for text exploration, and I was pleased to see a high level of engagement throughout. We approached the topic through practical activities so that participants could apply concepts in real time. Of course, learning text-mining methods is demanding, but this first exposure offered a solid starting point.\nI guided participants through techniques adapted to volatile contexts, highlighting accessible tools designed to make data collection safer and more effective for researchers without coding skills. We began with a presentation connecting social sciences, machine learning, deep learning, and text analysis, in order to explain some of the underlying mechanisms behind these tools.\nThe session then moved into online data-collection tools, with a focus on software such as HTTrack for website scraping and Octoparse for automated collection on digital platforms. These no-code tools make it possible to obtain data while reducing the risks associated with travel in dangerous areas.\nI also introduced API-based collection methods, especially options that do not require programming. That approach was particularly valuable for participants working in the social sciences, because it let them explore new methods without a heavy technical barrier. We continued with practical exercises and demonstrations using Voyant Tools and Orange Data Mining, and we simulated data-acquisition scenarios involving Google Scholar and the paid version of Twitter (X).\nSatisfaction survey The post-training survey showed overall positive satisfaction, with an average rating of 4.3 out of 5 for the general assessment of the training, while also highlighting some meaningful suggestions for improvement. Most respondents said they were \u0026ldquo;very satisfied,\u0026rdquo; and four participants reported that the workshop fully met their expectations. Three felt that their expectations had only been partially met, and one participant said the training had not met expectations.\nClarity of explanation received a solid average rating of 3.9 out of 5, although some participants suggested making technical language more accessible for beginners. The teaching methods, including websites, exercises, and demonstrations, were considered moderately effective by six participants and very effective by two. The figure below illustrates a strong relationship between clarity and overall satisfaction with the course content.\nDiscovering Ouagadougou Despite a busy schedule, I wanted to discover some of Ouagadougou\u0026rsquo;s cultural richness. I visited the Thomas Sankara museum in Burkina Faso, where I learned more about the country\u0026rsquo;s revolutionary period under Captain Sankara.\nWalking through the city, I also visited the SIAO (International Craft Fair of Ouagadougou) 2024, with its hundreds of stands. It was also an opportunity to buy a few gifts for home.\nIn the evenings, I enjoyed talking with other workshop participants at the hotel. Those conversations helped me better understand their perspectives and build more durable connections.\nReflections and return to Bamako At the end of the workshop, I felt a strong sense of accomplishment. The event was a success, not only in professional terms, but also in terms of international exchange and solidarity. The knowledge gained and the relationships formed are things I will carry with me.\nBack in Bamako, I took time to reflect on the experience. The opportunity to contribute as a trainer helped me sharpen my own skills and gain new perspectives. I remain grateful to Professor Heidi Bojsen for the invitation and to all the participants who made the workshop such a meaningful experience.\nI look forward to future opportunities to continue these conversations and to put the knowledge and experience gained here to work in ways that create positive change in our field.\n","permalink":"/writing/my-experience-as-a-trainer-at-the-international-workshop-in-ouagadougou/","summary":"A reflection on preparing and delivering a workshop on online data-production tools in insecure contexts, with lessons from Ouagadougou and the participants\u0026rsquo; feedback.","title":"My experience as a trainer at the International workshop in Ouagadougou"},{"content":"Can a truly interdisciplinary approach ever exist, or does each field inevitably impose its assumptions on the others, creating a dominant lens?\n","permalink":"/questions/philosophy-2/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eCan a truly interdisciplinary approach ever exist, or does each field inevitably impose its assumptions on the others, creating a dominant lens?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Can a truly interdisciplinary approach ever exist?"},{"content":"What does it mean for young Africans to have aspirations within a globalised world that often doesn\u0026rsquo;t reflect their own realities? can aspirations be authentic?\n","permalink":"/questions/decolonisation-3/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eWhat does it mean for young Africans to have aspirations within a globalised world that often doesn\u0026rsquo;t reflect their own realities? can aspirations be authentic?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Can aspirations be authentic in a globalised world?"},{"content":"Can knowledge produced in english or french (or any colonial language) ever fully capture the realities of cultures where those languages aren\u0026rsquo;t native?\n","permalink":"/questions/language-1/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eCan knowledge produced in english or french (or any colonial language) ever fully capture the realities of cultures where those languages aren\u0026rsquo;t native?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Can knowledge in non-native languages capture local realities?"},{"content":"Can technologies designed for wealthier nations ever be ethically and effectively adapted for use in economically and culturally distinct communities?\n","permalink":"/questions/technology-1/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eCan technologies designed for wealthier nations ever be ethically and effectively adapted for use in economically and culturally distinct communities?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Can technologies from wealthy nations be adapted ethically?"},{"content":"Does ambition improve resilience, or can it become a burden when conditions make it unattainable?\n","permalink":"/questions/determination-7/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eDoes ambition improve resilience, or can it become a burden when conditions make it unattainable?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Does ambition improve resilience?"},{"content":"Does ambition require acknowledgment to be meaningful, or is personal satisfaction enough?\n","permalink":"/questions/determination-6/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eDoes ambition require acknowledgment to be meaningful, or is personal satisfaction enough?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Does ambition require acknowledgment?"},{"content":"Does the push for greater online privacy create new forms of social alienation by reducing shared spaces and public life?\n","permalink":"/questions/privacy-1/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eDoes the push for greater online privacy create new forms of social alienation by reducing shared spaces and public life?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Does greater online privacy reduce shared spaces and public life?"},{"content":"If language shapes thought, does the dominance of western languages (English, French, etc.) in academia reinforce western worldviews, even when researching non-western subjects?\n","permalink":"/questions/language-2/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eIf language shapes thought, does the dominance of western languages (English, French, etc.) in academia reinforce western worldviews, even when researching non-western subjects?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Does language dominance in academia reinforce western views?"},{"content":"Does the goal of knowledge itself have meaning across cultures, or is the desire to \u0026ldquo;know\u0026rdquo; a form of cultural imposition?\n","permalink":"/questions/philosophy-3/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eDoes the goal of knowledge itself have meaning across cultures, or is the desire to \u0026ldquo;know\u0026rdquo; a form of cultural imposition?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Does the goal of knowledge itself have meaning across cultures?"},{"content":"What forms of knowledge may be lost when research is conducted in a coloniser\u0026rsquo;s language, and can this loss ever be truly mitigated?\n","permalink":"/questions/language-3/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eWhat forms of knowledge may be lost when research is conducted in a coloniser\u0026rsquo;s language, and can this loss ever be truly mitigated?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Forms of knowledge lost ?"},{"content":"How does ambition impact mental health in settings where resources to support ambitious goals are scarce?\n","permalink":"/questions/determination-4/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eHow does ambition impact mental health in settings where resources to support ambitious goals are scarce?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"How does ambition impact mental health in low-resource settings?"},{"content":"Is ambition driven more by internal goals or external validation, and how does that shift in contexts where recognition is limited?\n","permalink":"/questions/determination-2/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eIs ambition driven more by internal goals or external validation, and how does that shift in contexts where recognition is limited?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Is ambition driven by internal goals or external validation?"},{"content":"When basic needs are unmet (water, food, shelter, electricity, internet,etc.), is ambition a distraction from survival, or does it provide hope and purpose?\n","permalink":"/questions/determination-3/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eWhen basic needs are unmet (water, food, shelter, electricity, internet,etc.), is ambition a distraction from survival, or does it provide hope and purpose?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Is ambition sustainable when basic needs are unmet?"},{"content":"Is contentment a form of resignation in low-resource settings, or can it be a powerful form of resistance?\n","permalink":"/questions/determination-5/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eIs contentment a form of resignation in low-resource settings, or can it be a powerful form of resistance?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Is contentment a form of resignation in low-resource settings?"},{"content":"Is it possible to find contentment without ambition, or does ambition inevitably drive one\u0026rsquo;s sense of purpose and worth?\n","permalink":"/questions/determination-1/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eIs it possible to find contentment without ambition, or does ambition inevitably drive one\u0026rsquo;s sense of purpose and worth?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Is it possible to find contentment without ambition?"},{"content":"If \u0026ldquo;objective\u0026rdquo; scientific research is largely rooted in western paradigms, what does it mean to conduct science outside that framework? is science itself culturally neutral?\n","permalink":"/questions/philosophy-1/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eIf \u0026ldquo;objective\u0026rdquo; scientific research is largely rooted in western paradigms, what does it mean to conduct science outside that framework? is science itself culturally neutral?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Is science culturally neutral or inherently biased?"},{"content":"Is there an essential \u0026ldquo;african\u0026rdquo; way of using technology, or does technology ultimately homogenise cultural distinctions?\n","permalink":"/questions/technology-2/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eIs there an essential \u0026ldquo;african\u0026rdquo; way of using technology, or does technology ultimately homogenise cultural distinctions?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Is there an 'african' way of using technology?"},{"content":"if knowledge systems are culturally specific, is there any such thing as a \u0026ldquo;universal truth\u0026rdquo; in science, or are all scientific paradigms culturally contingent?\n","permalink":"/questions/decolonisation-2/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eif knowledge systems are culturally specific, is there any such thing as a \u0026ldquo;universal truth\u0026rdquo; in science, or are all scientific paradigms culturally contingent?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Is there such a thing as a 'universal truth' in science?"},{"content":"Is true flourishing possible in a context of dependency on foreign funding and technological infrastructure, or does this compromise autonomy?\n","permalink":"/questions/health-well-being-2/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eIs true flourishing possible in a context of dependency on \u003cstrong\u003eforeign funding\u003c/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003etechnological infrastructure\u003c/strong\u003e, or does this compromise autonomy?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Is true flourishing possible with dependency on foreign funding?"},{"content":"what does it really mean to decolonise knowledge in a digital era \u0026ndash; can western technological frameworks like AI or IT-based health interventions ever be \u0026ldquo;decolonised\u0026rdquo; or are they inevitably laden with western biases?\n","permalink":"/questions/decolonisation-1/","summary":"\u003cp\u003ewhat does it really mean to decolonise knowledge in a digital era \u0026ndash; can western technological frameworks like\nAI or IT-based health interventions ever be \u0026ldquo;decolonised\u0026rdquo; or are they inevitably laden with western biases?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"What does it mean to decolonise knowledge in a digital era?"},{"content":"What does it mean to flourish in a cultural context that prioritises community well-being over individual autonomy?\n","permalink":"/questions/health-well-being-1/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eWhat does it mean to flourish in a cultural context that prioritises community well-being over individual autonomy?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"What does it mean to flourish in a community-centric culture?"},{"content":"What happens to traditional concepts of identity, culture, and social roles when communication is largely mediated by technology \u0026ndash; does this change our sense of who we are?\n","permalink":"/questions/technology-3/","summary":"\u003cp\u003eWhat happens to traditional concepts of identity, culture, and social roles when communication is largely mediated by technology \u0026ndash; does this change our sense of who we are?\u003c/p\u003e","title":"What happens to traditional concepts of identity?"},{"content":"Reading about wicked problems for a proposal I am working on has been both fascinating and unsettling.\nWhat makes these problems difficult is not only their scale, but the way every attempted solution seems to generate new questions and new complications. They resist closure.\nThat realisation pushes me toward a more humble view of research. Trying to understand complex issues from only one disciplinary position, or in isolation, quickly begins to feel insufficient.\nIf these problems are genuinely entangled, then understanding them requires moving across fields, accepting uncertainty, and learning from approaches beyond one\u0026rsquo;s original training.\nThat is part of what keeps research alive for me: the sense that there is always more to learn, and that meaningful work often begins where disciplinary comfort ends.\n","permalink":"/writing/lecture-sur-les-problemes-insidieux/","summary":"A short reflection on wicked problems, intellectual humility, and the limits of trying to understand complex issues from only one disciplinary angle.","title":"Reading about wicked problems"},{"content":"This past Friday, 27 September 2024, we reached another important milestone in the HealthyMaman project as we conducted our second workshop. The session focused on reviewing intermediate results, discussing how message content is being developed, and clarifying the next steps in the project. The workshop brought together medical staff, midwives, and several women who had already contributed during the conceptual phase of the project.\nThis time, we moved the workshop to our offices at the Institut des Sciences Humaines, instead of meeting at the Sangarebougou health centre as we had done before. That small change made a real difference. Participants appreciated the setting, and even with additional staff joining us, including the chief medical officer, health services continued without disruption.\nKey outcomes and feedback The feedback from the workshop was encouraging, especially regarding the proposed functionality of the prototype. The HealthyMaman system is being designed to help women attend their antenatal care appointments through reminders while also delivering useful health information throughout pregnancy.\nSome of the key features discussed were:\nAppointment reminders for ANC visits. Health tips adapted to each stage of pregnancy. Support information for emergencies and health resources. Localisation, with messages delivered in local languages, currently Bambara. These ideas were well received, and participants gave us practical suggestions to improve the content before the next phase.\nLooking ahead With this second workshop completed, we are now moving toward the end of the documentation phase of the feasibility study, which we expect to complete before the end of 2024. The objective is to have a fully functional prototype ready for pilot testing.\nWith additional support and funding, the ambition is to begin with a full pilot at the Sangarebougou health centre and then scale the project to the district level or even nationally.\nFinal thoughts I want to sincerely thank everyone involved: the team, the midwives, the health workers, and our funders. Their support is helping turn this project into something concrete for maternal health in Mali.\nMore updates will follow.\n","permalink":"/writing/exciting-progress-on-the-healthy-maman-project-workshop-recap-and-next-steps/","summary":"A full recap of the second HealthyMaman workshop, focused on intermediate results, message content, and the project\u0026rsquo;s next steps.","title":"Progress on the HealthyMaman project: workshop recap and next steps"},{"content":"I just want to share some updates regarding the digital transformation efforts at the Institut des Sciences Humaines (ISH).\nRecently, we secured a .edu.ml domain for the institute as a public service, thanks to the support from AGETIC. This is an important step toward strengthening the institute\u0026rsquo;s professional infrastructure, starting with proper institutional email addresses for colleagues. These addresses should improve internal and external communication while also reinforcing ISH\u0026rsquo;s academic visibility.\nI am also enjoying diving back into Jekyll site generation and working again with Ruby and Markdown. The project consists of building a platform that lists past and upcoming colloquia and conferences hosted by the institute. The files and resources related to it are intended to remain openly available under GNU terms.\nThe platform is already online at https://evenements.ish.edu.ml, even if it still needs more content. The source code is public on GitHub.\nBecause I want to keep the repository open, here is the contribution workflow for anyone who would like to help:\nFork the repository: click the Fork button at the top right of the repository page. That creates a copy under your own account.\nClone the repository:\ngit clone https://github.com/mkantem/events-ish.git cd events-ish Create a branch:\ngit checkout -b your-branch-name Make your changes: improve the project, fix a bug, or add content.\nStage and commit:\ngit add . git commit -m \u0026#34;Describe what you changed\u0026#34; Push your branch:\ngit push origin your-branch-name Open a pull request: go back to the original repository, create a pull request, describe your changes, and submit it.\nThese initiatives remain side projects alongside my main work in research, teaching, conference coordination, and grant writing. They take time, but they matter. I believe that strengthening ISH\u0026rsquo;s digital visibility and openness can also inspire other public research institutions to adapt, reuse, or freely replicate similar projects.\nIt is a continuous process, and although I only recently joined ISH, I intend to keep pushing it forward whenever time allows.\n","permalink":"/writing/boosting-digital-presence-and-open-source-contributions-for-ish/","summary":"A fuller update on digital transformation efforts at the Institut des Sciences Humaines, from institutional infrastructure to open-source collaboration.","title":"Boosting digital presence and open-source contributions for ISH"},{"content":"Application to the RSTMH Annual Meeting 2024. Not selected.\n","permalink":"/projects/failures/2024-09-01-rstmh-annual-meeting-conference/","summary":"Conference participation application that did not succeed.","title":"RSTMH Annual Meeting 2024"},{"content":"The African Journal of Social Sciences and Public Health (RASP), your journal, is now indexed on African Journals Online (AJOL).\nIt is an honour to announce that RASP has become the first Malian scientific journal to reach this recognition.\nFounded in January 2010 by the late Nianguiry Kante and his dedicated colleagues, including Professor Olivier Douville, current editor-in-chief, and the late Professor Abdoulaye Ag Rhaly, RASP continues to carry forward a strong legacy of excellence and innovation in the social sciences and public health.\nWe would like to express our deep gratitude to all reviewers and members of the RASP editorial board, all of them volunteers. Their dedication and commitment to science are invaluable.\nA warm thank you to everyone who contributed to this success and to those who continue to support the initiative.\nRASP on AJOL\n","permalink":"/writing/rasp-sur-ajol/","summary":"A fuller note on the indexing of the African Journal of Social Sciences and Public Health (RASP) on African Journals Online.","title":"The journal RASP on AJOL"},{"content":"Application to the NIHR Global Fellowship. Not selected, but with strong and useful feedback.\n","permalink":"/projects/failures/2024-02-01-nihr-global-fellowship/","summary":"Global-fellowship application that received strong feedback but did not succeed.","title":"NIHR Global Fellowship"},{"content":"I know you will never be mine\nBut still I close my eyes\nAnd imagine how beautiful it would be\nIf we were together\nIn my imagination\nThe world seems to pause\nAnd everything feels right\nIn my imagination\nI picture us walking hand in hand\nSharing secrets under the stars\nAnd laughing without a care in the world\nAs if our souls are united\npanting the picture of a love so pure and tender\nBut reality tugs at my sleeve\nReminding me of the boundaries that separates us\nAnd so I hold on to these dreams\nCherishing them\nAs precious whispers of what could have been\nKnowing that some stories are meant to remian untold\nAnd some loves are menat to linger\nIn the silent corners of our hearts\nBut how impossible it may seem\nIn my imagination\nI keep hoping that someday\nMy dreams can come true\n","permalink":"/writing/in-my-imagination/","summary":"I know you will never be mine But still I close my eyes And imagine how beautiful it would be If we were together In my imagination The world seems to pause And everything feels","title":"In my imagination"},{"content":"As part of efforts to decolonise and Africanise education in Mali, our project explores the implementation of \u0026lsquo;KalanGest\u0026rsquo;, an innovative technological solution for the management of basic schools. This solution aims not only to improve school administration, but also to integrate and promote local knowledge and practices in the education system. Using a qualitative approach and UML modeling with PHP language, \u0026lsquo;KalanGest\u0026rsquo; was designed to reduce administrative tasks and strengthen the Africanization of education. Tests at the Debou Gneri basic school showed significant management, while respecting and promoting Malian standards. Prospects for \u0026lsquo;KalanGest\u0026rsquo; include the integration of online courses and payment systems, aiming to sustainably improve access to quality education while contributing to the decolonization of knowledge in West Africa.\n","permalink":"/papers/educational-management-in-mali/","summary":"A journal article on KalanGest as a tool for decolonizing and improving school administration practices in Mali.","title":"Educational Management in Mali: KalanGest as a tool for decolonizing administrative practices"},{"content":"Application to an ORCID community-development and outreach funding call. Not selected.\n","permalink":"/projects/failures/2023-09-01-orcid-training-and-support/","summary":"Community-development and outreach support application that did not succeed.","title":"ORCID Global Participation Fund"},{"content":"Application to the French Institutes for Advanced Study Fellowship Programme. Not selected.\n","permalink":"/projects/failures/2023-07-01-fias-fellowship-programme/","summary":"Fellowship application that did not succeed.","title":"French Institutes for Advanced Study Fellowship Programme"},{"content":"Class management is the process of creating and maintaining an environment in which students can learn effectively. It is at least as important as lecture preparation, and often even more decisive.\nSetting clear expectations Students need to know what is expected of them in order to behave appropriately. This includes expectations for behaviour, academic work, and participation. Expectations should be clear, concise, and consistent. This is non-negotiable and should be established from the first contact with them.\nEstablishing routines and procedures Routines and procedures help students know what to do and when to do it. That reduces confusion and helps avoid chaos in the classroom. These routines should remain simple, easy to follow, and consistent.\nUsing positive reinforcement Positive reinforcement is a powerful way to encourage the behaviours we want to see. It can mean rewarding students for following directions, participating in class, and completing assignments. It helps strengthen desired behaviour and reduce unwanted behaviour.\nDealing with misbehavior When misbehavior occurs, it should be handled in a fair and consistent manner. That may involve speaking with the student, giving a warning, or assigning a consequence. The important point is to remain firm without becoming arbitrary.\nClass management is an important part of teaching. By setting clear expectations, establishing routines, using positive reinforcement, and addressing misbehavior fairly, teachers can create a learning environment in which students can thrive.\nHere are some additional principles I try to keep in mind:\nbe organised and prepared; be positive and enthusiastic; build real relationships with students; be fair and consistent; be patient and understanding; and remain willing to adapt when needed. ","permalink":"/writing/class-management/","summary":"A fuller note on class management as a core condition for building a stable, fair, and effective learning environment.","title":"Class management"},{"content":"Application for a postdoctoral position in AI and professional competencies at Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology. No reply received.\n","permalink":"/projects/failures/2023-03-01-uu-postdoc-ai-professional-competencies/","summary":"Postdoctoral application for a position in AI and professional competencies.","title":"Postdoc in AI and Professional Competencies"},{"content":"Application to the Young African Leaders Programme at STG-EUI. Not selected.\n","permalink":"/projects/failures/2023-11-01-young-african-leaders-stg-eui/","summary":"Application to the Young African Leaders Programme.","title":"Young African Leaders Programme"},{"content":"Application to the ECA Fellowship Programme for Young African Professionals. Not selected.\n","permalink":"/projects/failures/2023-05-01-eca-fellowship-young-african-professionals/","summary":"Fellowship application that did not succeed.","title":"ECA Fellowship Programme for Young African Professionals"},{"content":"Structural equation modelling (SEM) is a statistical technique used in the field of Information Systems amongst others. The technique has been paid attention thanks to its flexibility and predictive power. However, there is a paucity of guidelines in the application of the technique in the field of Behavioural Information Security. Hence, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive guide of using PLS-SEM in disclosure and privacy studies on Social Network Sites (SNSs). Data has been gathered using papers (n=21) published between 2006 and 2022 from scholarly databases such as Google Scholar, Association for Information Systems eLibrary (AISeL), IEEE Xplore and Science Direct. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) was used to analyse and synthesize the status of the field. Our systematic review covers data characteristics, reasons for using PLS-SEM, the evaluation of measurement models, the evaluation of the structural model and reporting best practices. The review proposed guidelines for the use of PLS-SEM in the discipline of Behavioural Information Security with a focus on disclosure and privacy on SNSs studies and other fields as well.\nDOI: 10.1016/j.chbr.2023.100291\n","permalink":"/papers/use-of-partial-least-squares-structural-equation-modelling/","summary":"A systematic review of how PLS-SEM has been applied in privacy and disclosure research on social network sites.","title":"Use of partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) in privacy and disclosure research on social network sites : A systematic review"},{"content":"This short piece by Voltairine de Cleyre has stayed with me because of its clarity and force. In just a few lines, it stages a dialogue between life and death, struggle and continuation, solitude and continuity with others.\nWhat moves me most is not only the sadness in it, but the insistence that living and struggling are never purely individual acts. Something is always carried forward.\nSome texts do not need much commentary. They open a space of reflection on their own. This is one of them.\n","permalink":"/writing/voltairine-de-cleyre-life-or-death/","summary":"A brief sharing of Voltairine de Cleyre\u0026rsquo;s powerful dialogue between life and death, and why it continues to resonate.","title":"Voltairine de Cleyre, Life or Death"},{"content":"Understanding the basic concepts of structural equation modelling is essential before researchers use SEM-based software for analysis. Even with a solid background in statistics or mathematics, it remains useful to understand a few fundamentals directly as a researcher. I will probably spend more time writing about structural equation modelling in the future. The promise has already been kept through this article.\nFull text here and https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2023.100291\nWhat is a correlation coefficient? These are the bivariate correlations between a construct and its indicators. They determine the absolute contribution of an item to its latent variable. Correlation coefficients are especially important when evaluating reflective measurement models, but they are also interpreted when formative measures are involved. They are also called outer loadings. The recommended value is 0.70.\nWhat is indicator reliability? Indicator reliability is the square of the correlation coefficient of a standardized indicator. It represents the share of an indicator\u0026rsquo;s variance explained by the construct and is often described as the item\u0026rsquo;s extracted variance. Correlation coefficients above 0.708 are recommended because they indicate that the construct explains more than 50% of the indicator\u0026rsquo;s variance, which provides acceptable indicator reliability.\nThe beta coefficient? These are directional coefficients estimated in the structural model, that is, between constructs in the model. They correspond to standardized betas in a regression analysis.\nSee Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., \u0026amp; Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook.\n","permalink":"/writing/concepts-de-base-de-pls-sem/","summary":"Understanding the basic concepts of structural equation modelling is essential before using SEM-based software. This note introduces some of those fundamentals.","title":"Basic concepts of PLS-SEM?"},{"content":"Application to the Ideas Matter Fellowship 2022. Not selected.\n","permalink":"/projects/failures/2022-08-14-ideas-matter-fellowship-2022/","summary":"Doctoral-fellowship application that did not succeed.","title":"Ideas Matter Fellowship 2022"},{"content":"Graphical representation has long accompanied scientific work, but the visual abstract has become especially visible in recent years.\nMore and more journals now ask authors to provide a concise visual summary alongside a paper. This makes sense. Many readers do not begin with the full article. They usually start with the title, the abstract, perhaps the conclusion, and then decide whether to read further.\nA visual abstract supports that process by offering, at a glance:\nthe core research question; the method; the main finding; and sometimes the broader implication. It is not the same as a poster, and it does not replace the paper. Its role is to make the study easier to grasp quickly and easier to share with wider audiences.\nIn that sense, visual abstracts help both authors and readers. They clarify the work, increase visibility, and encourage more accessible forms of scientific communication.\nYou get the point, I hope. Now let us see your visual abstracts.\nLearn how to produce strong visual abstracts ","permalink":"/writing/what-is-a-visual-abstract/","summary":"A short reflection on visual abstracts as an increasingly important form of scientific communication.","title":"What is a visual abstract?"},{"content":"Application to the FORJE mobility programme, which offered travel, insurance, installation support, monthly subsistence, and participation support for the International Conference on Economic Francophonie. Not selected.\n","permalink":"/projects/failures/2022-06-15-forje-mobility-programme/","summary":"Application to the FORJE research-mobility programme.","title":"FORJE Mobility Programme"},{"content":"It is possible to get started with Oracle APEX without a heavy local installation. Oracle offers free hosted workspaces through apex.oracle.com, which makes it a useful option for teaching, experimentation, and early exploration.\nRegistration is usually quick, and once the workspace is approved you can start using the platform almost immediately.\nA simple way to get started Go to apex.oracle.com Choose the option to request a workspace Fill in the required information Confirm your email address Set a strong password once the workspace is ready Helpful entry pages are available here:\nGetting started in French Getting started in English Step by step Go to the dedicated platform. Navigate to the Request a workspace option. Fill out the form and indicate that you intend to use it for personal purposes. Validate your email address. You will also receive the workspace name and username. Create a strong password. After that, you are ready to start learning and testing. ","permalink":"/writing/creating-an-oracle-apex-workspace-online/","summary":"A practical note on getting started with Oracle APEX online by requesting a free hosted workspace.","title":"Creating an Oracle APEX workspace online"},{"content":"Official website of the colloquium\nNianguiry Kante is no longer with us. His memory remains alive, his work remains, and everything he was able to offer, build, and pass on to the Malian, African, and international scientific community continues to bear fruit.\nAs an administrator engaged in delicate and necessary institutional work, notably at the National Institute of Public Health Research and the University of Segou, whether in Bamako or Segou, and as a researcher known internationally, he defended public-health research tirelessly and encouraged transdisciplinary and interdisciplinary dialogue.\nThe R.A.S.P journal, which he co-founded with his friend Olivier Douville in January 2010 alongside respected researchers in Africa and Europe, reflects both the diversity and solidarity of his commitments. The journal consistently argues for renewed work on health, illness, care, institutions, public-health emergencies, and the social and cultural representations tied to them. In that sense, it also reflects Professor Kante\u0026rsquo;s deep conviction that medicine and the human sciences must speak to one another.\nA committed teacher, always available and endlessly illuminating, Nianguiry Kante marked several generations of students. This conference is also a tribute to that demanding and generous teacher.\nWhether attended in person or online, this conference was meant to be a fitting tribute to the just, courageous, and upright man Nianguiry Kante was, to his work, and to his intellectual legacy.\nOfficial conference website\n","permalink":"/writing/cini-2022-conference-internationale-nianguiry-kante-2022/","summary":"Official website of the colloquium. A short tribute to Nianguiry Kante, his work, and the conference organized in his honor.","title":"CINi 2022 - Nianguiry KANTE International Conference 2022"},{"content":"That place\u0026hellip;\nSo calm\nSo hazy\nSo sad\nSo mysterious\nSo difficult to decipher\nThat place\u0026hellip;\nThat I did not know\nThat I did not visit\nThat emptiness surrounds\nThat people fear\nThat the sky watches\nThat place\u0026hellip;\nWhere silence reigns like a king\nWhere the language is that of souls\nWhere life takes on its full meaning\nWhere no one seems to be\nWhere one finds companions in grief\nWhere the cries are terrifying yet unheard\nWhere one feels vulnerable\nThat place\u0026hellip;\nOpen to everyone\nThat will welcome every mortal\nThat transforms us\nThat brings us closer\nThat teaches us to love life\nThat teaches us humility\nFrom now on\nI almost never leave that place\nI stay close to it as much as I can\nI keep company with those who remain there\nI am learning to accept that place\nI am preparing my own departure for that place\nIt will be my final home, that place\nAs it will be for each of us, that place\n","permalink":"/writing/pour-prof-nianguiry-kante-un-fils-qui-reapprend-a-vivre/","summary":"That place\u0026hellip; so calm, so hazy, so sad, so mysterious, so difficult to decipher. A poem about grief, mortality, and learning again how to live.","title":"For Prof. Nianguiry KANTE, a son who is relearning to live"},{"content":"Privacy is a critical concern in the big data era. Users share their personal data to informal communities such as social media. Despite the evident benefits of social network sites and users concerns about privacy, people disclose personal information. Albeit users know the conceivable risks of sharing personal information, more users are doing so. It is important to identify the factors affecting self-disclosure on social network sites. In this paper, the audience is informed about these factors. Using a systematic approach, models/theories used in self-disclosure researches on social network sites were identified. It was observed that the convenience of building and maintaining relationships, social ties and norms, and expected outcomes are positively affecting while privacy concerns are negatively affecting. It was also found that the level of trust, perceived control and perceived similarity can affect online behaviour towards self-disclosure. The paper closes by proposing future line of inquiries.\nDOI: 10.1504/IJBDM.2022.119434\n","permalink":"/papers/a-mapping-of-the-factors-related-to-self-disclosure/","summary":"A journal article mapping the main factors that influence self-disclosure on social network sites.","title":"A mapping of the factors related to self-disclosure on social network sites"},{"content":"One of the current discussions is the resilience of health systems in developing countries. Online platforms users including health system users (patients, doctors) are worried about their privacy being violated. While the users of social media enjoy the opportunity to learn, connect, and share, their privacy on those platforms is at risk. A possible cause of this is the information privacy paradox, which describes a disconnect between users\u0026rsquo; stated concerns and actual behaviour. In the pilot phase of this study, the authors have used the partial least squares structural equation modelling technique for the analysis of the relationships postulated to explain self-disclosure in social network sites. The survey instrument\u0026rsquo;s content validity and adapted model\u0026rsquo;s constructs validity and reliability were confirmed, and the preliminary findings revealed that the derived model explains 32.9% of the user\u0026rsquo;s self-disclosure intention on social network sites.\nDOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8915-1.ch010\n","permalink":"/papers/towards-a-model-for-self-disclosure-on-social-network-sites/","summary":"A pilot study developing and testing a model of self-disclosure on social network sites.","title":"Towards a Model for Self-Disclosure on Social Network Sites : A Pilot Study"},{"content":"Walter Benjamin\u0026rsquo;s Experience and Poverty remains one of those texts that continues to unsettle long after the first reading.\nWhat strikes me most is Benjamin\u0026rsquo;s diagnosis of a world in which experience no longer circulates in the same way. The inherited forms of transmission, wisdom, and narrative authority seem to have weakened, especially after the violence and dislocation of modern history.\nFor Benjamin, this loss is not simply nostalgic. It also forces a question: what becomes possible when one can no longer rely on inherited cultural certainty?\nThis is where the text becomes especially powerful for me. Benjamin\u0026rsquo;s answer is not resignation. He moves toward the idea of beginning again, of building with little, of accepting poverty of experience as the starting point for another kind of intellectual and artistic work.\nThat tension still feels contemporary. Many of our worlds are marked by rupture, acceleration, and fragmentation. In that sense, Benjamin\u0026rsquo;s text remains useful not because it gives comfort, but because it sharpens the problem.\n","permalink":"/writing/experience-and-poverty-by-walter-benjamin-1933/","summary":"A short reflection on Walter Benjamin\u0026rsquo;s \u0026lsquo;Experience and Poverty\u0026rsquo; and on why the text still matters for thinking about transmission, crisis, and intellectual rebuilding.","title":"Experience and Poverty, by Walter Benjamin (1933)"},{"content":"Application to the Facebook Fellowship Program. Not selected.\n","permalink":"/projects/failures/2021-03-01-facebook-fellowship-program/","summary":"Fellowship application that did not succeed.","title":"Facebook Fellowship Program"},{"content":"Application to the ORKG curation-grant competition. Not selected.\n","permalink":"/projects/failures/2021-05-15-orkg-competition-grant/","summary":"Competition-grant application that did not succeed.","title":"ORKG Curation Grant Competition"},{"content":"I recently had the opportunity to speak on the Tech Talk Show of MITWS India.\nThe show offered a space to discuss several themes that continue to matter deeply to me:\nresearch; open science; academic trajectories; and the role of digital tools in the circulation of knowledge. What I appreciate about this kind of platform is that it opens research to wider audiences and encourages exchange beyond formal academic venues.\nThe episode is available here:\nListen on Spotify ","permalink":"/writing/podcast-tech-talk-show-mitws-india/","summary":"A short note about a guest appearance on MITWS India\u0026rsquo;s online radio show to discuss research, open science, and academic trajectories.","title":"Podcast - Tech Talk Show @ MITWS India"},{"content":"Understanding the stakeholders of mobile money services and systems in developing countries remain critical issues that need to be addressed. Using the Stakeholder Theory, along with the Diffusion of Innovation Theory and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, this study gathered data from 110 respondents to contribute to the understanding of the mobile money (Orange Money) stakeholders in Mali. The results characterized the stakeholders of the mobile money system and revealed that each stakeholder has its unique drivers and challenges towards the adoption of the mobile money system. These findings suggest that specific attention should be paid to each stakeholder by the mobile money operator in developing countries.\nDOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-2983-6.ch009\n","permalink":"/papers/a-stakeholders-analysis-of-the-effect-of-mobile-money/","summary":"A chapter examining the drivers and challenges of mobile money adoption in Mali through a stakeholder lens.","title":"A Stakeholder's Analysis of the Effect of Mobile Money in Developing Countries : The Case of Orange Money in Mali"},{"content":"Online teaching and learning became especially visible during the COVID-19 period, when institutions and governments invested heavily in digital education. In many places, online education was presented as the most practical way to maintain continuity in teaching and learning.\nOnline education refers to forms of distance learning that take place over the internet through connected platforms. For learners who are self-disciplined, organised, and able to manage their time well, it can be a highly effective alternative. It can also offer greater flexibility, allowing people to combine study with other responsibilities when needed.\nWhen people discuss the strengths of online learning, they often point to its convenience, including:\nno commuting or travel time to campus; fewer geographic barriers; easier access to discussion with instructors; easier access to digital resources; and potential cost savings for both students and institutions. These are real advantages. But they remain conditional on one key factor: actual internet access.\nThat means more than simply having a platform or a policy. It depends on:\nstable connectivity; affordable mobile data; access to appropriate devices; reliable electricity; and the practical ability of students and teachers to stay connected. This is where many contexts, especially across parts of Africa and other low-resource settings, face their greatest difficulty. The lack of access, whether for financial or logistical reasons, can exclude students from online classes and prevent institutions from delivering teaching materials effectively.\nDigital literacy is also part of the issue. According to the World Bank, a large number of jobs in Sub-Saharan Africa will require digital skills by 2030. In that sense, online education can be part of a broader response, but only if its infrastructural prerequisites are taken seriously.\nSo the central question is not only whether online education is desirable, but whether the material conditions required to make it meaningful are in place. Without that, digital education risks deepening inequalities rather than reducing them.\nReferences\nFedynich, L. V. (2007). Teaching beyond the classroom walls: The pros and cons of cyber learning. http://www.aabri.com/copyright.html.\nKumar, D. (2010). Pros and Cons of Online Education.\nStern, J. (n.d.). Introduction to Online Teaching and Learning. http://www.sloan-c.org/resources/index.asp\nVolery, T., \u0026amp; Volery Professor at Lyon, T. E. (2000). Critical success factors in online education. https://doi.org/10.1108/09513540010344731\nWorldBank. (2020). Africa\u0026rsquo;s future is bright and digital. https://blogs.worldbank.org/digital-development/africas-future-bright-and-digital\n","permalink":"/writing/online-education-and-internet-access/","summary":"A fuller reflection on online education during the COVID-19 period and on the infrastructural inequalities that make internet access a central educational issue.","title":"Online education and internet access"},{"content":"Open access reconnects science with its underlying purpose: helping society progress and improve.\nBy providing immediate and unrestricted access to the latest research and scientific work, we can accelerate discovery and build a more equitable and open knowledge system.\nThe open-access movement transformed the scientific world by refocusing debate on research outputs and on a crucial issue: financing. Free access for readers, lower costs for authors to share their work, and reduced opportunities for unethical rent-seeking by organizations that once held excessive control over scientific publishing all matter.\nThe real difficulty lies in funding.\nIf we accept that no financial burden should fall on end users, meaning readers, then these costs must be covered by authors, authors\u0026rsquo; institutions, or funders.\nThose actors in turn need support, first from local governments, then from funders and international organizations.\nIt is hard to ignore that local governments, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, do not do enough to finance research, researchers, and universities, at least in my experience.\nA transparent organization of research funding is necessary.\n","permalink":"/writing/open-science/","summary":"Open access reconnects science with its underlying purpose: helping society progress by making research immediately and freely available to readers.","title":"Open science?"},{"content":"Researchers have turned to various disciplines in search for theories that can contribute in different ways towards Information privacy. The data collection instrument (questionnaire) of these theories is in English. Nevertheless, issues related to Social Network Sites are meant for various groups with different cultural background. Therefore, cross-cultural and international studies are used in majority to address issues facing these platforms. Henceforth, there is a need to translate these instruments into other languages such as French. In this paper, we produced a mixed method for English instrument translation into French using different techniques from different approaches, the B-TAMBiT.\n","permalink":"/papers/towards-the-b-tambit/","summary":"A preprint presenting a back-translation workflow with adjudication and mono/bilingual tests.","title":"Towards the B-TAMBiT : A Back-Translation with an Adjudicator with Mono and Bilingual Tests"},{"content":"Application for travel support. Not selected.\n","permalink":"/projects/failures/2020-07-01-warc-travel-grant/","summary":"Travel-grant application that did not succeed.","title":"WARC Travel Grant"},{"content":"I once had to step away from one of my usual habits: writing everything in LaTeX. For a paper prepared in Word, I ran into a more practical problem. Because the article involved a systematic mapping exercise, I needed to move my references from Mendeley into a CSV file that I could then use in Excel.\nThat was new to me. I was used to working only with BibTeX databases. After some searching, I did not find a clean one-step solution, so I settled on a workflow that turned out to be simple, robust, and easy to repeat.\nStep 1: Export from Mendeley to BibTeX In Mendeley Desktop:\nGo to File \u0026gt; Export Choose BibTeX (*.bib) as the export format Step 2: Open the file in JabRef If you already use LaTeX, you may know JabRef. If not, it is a useful free tool for working with BibTeX files.\nOpen JabRef Go to File \u0026gt; Open database Select the .bib file exported from Mendeley Step 3: Export from JabRef to CSV Once the BibTeX file is open in JabRef:\nGo to File \u0026gt; Export Choose CSV (*.csv) as the output format Step 4: Import the CSV file into Excel In Excel:\nOpen a new workbook Go to the Data tab Choose From Text/CSV Select your exported CSV file Choose a comma-delimited import Finish the import and review the columns It is not a one-click workflow, but it works reliably and is still much better than manually typing references into a spreadsheet. Once the data is in CSV format, it becomes much easier to sort, filter, and extract the information needed for a review or mapping exercise.\n","permalink":"/writing/references-exporting-guide-from-mendeley-to-a-csv-file/","summary":"A practical workflow for exporting references from Mendeley into CSV format when working on systematic mapping or other spreadsheet-based review tasks.","title":"Exporting references from Mendeley to a CSV file"},{"content":" If you live in Bamako, Kati, or nearby areas and know the Orange mobile payment service, Orange Money, please consider taking part in this survey. Please participate by clicking this link.\nThe study aims, among other things, to explore the benefits and challenges of Mali\u0026rsquo;s digital economy and to assess how these benefits and challenges affect different stakeholders.\nLink to the survey.\nThank you very much.\n","permalink":"/writing/sondage-orange-money/","summary":"If you live in Bamako, Kati, or nearby areas and know Orange Money, please take part in this survey on the benefits and challenges of Mali\u0026rsquo;s digital economy.","title":"Survey - Orange Money"},{"content":"Volume 19 (1), July-December 2019, ISSN 1987-071X\nThe African Review of Social Sciences and Public Health (RASP) is a pan-African scientific journal. It aims to promote research, disseminate findings, and support the training of early-career lecturers, researchers, and practitioners. Its editorial line is centered on social justice and especially on health in its social, collective, cultural, and economic dimensions, as well as on its clinical implications. In short, it addresses a broad range of issues across the social sciences and humanities.\nThe journal relies on the views of its review committee, made up of lecturers, researchers, and practitioners from both Africa and Europe.\nWithin a few months, more precisely in January 2020, RASP would mark its tenth anniversary. With more than 230 articles published in that period, everyone involved has contributed to the promotion of research, the circulation of findings, the development of younger scholars, and the struggle against social injustice.\nOver the years, RASP not only appeared regularly, it also developed both quantitatively and qualitatively. To make authors and the journal more visible, since February 2019 it has also published an electronic version of the journal in open-access format.\nSoon, RASP would celebrate ten \u0026ldquo;small rainy seasons.\u0026rdquo; That anniversary coincided with the sixtieth anniversary of the independence of most African states, which gave the moment added significance. For that reason, the editorial team welcomed contributions focused on the history, challenges, and future of the African continent, its diaspora, and the wider Third World.\nThis nineteenth issue is made up of five articles, four of them based on case studies carried out by Malian lecturers, researchers, and practitioners. The first article, \u0026ldquo;Algeria-West Africa: a common destiny rooted in a shared millennial history,\u0026rdquo; is by Professor Pierre Philippe Rey and explores the long historical relationship between North Africa and West Africa, with particular attention to Algeria\u0026rsquo;s sociopolitical history and renewable-energy potential.\nThree of the five articles are respectively devoted to:\nthe distribution of social workers' activities across different services in Mali; the role of decentralization in mobilizing local actors for neighborhood development in urban areas; the socioeconomic role of shea in the cercle of Kangaba, in the Koulikoro region. The final article in the issue examines the nutritional status of children aged 0 to 5 in the rural commune of Pelengana, in the Segou region of Mali.\nThe editorial team also used this issue to announce the death of Mr. Diadie Soumare, who passed away in Paris on Sunday 23 June 2019. His death represented a major loss for many communities in France, Mali, and beyond who had worked with him for human and social progress.\nThe team expressed the hope that future issues of the journal would publish tributes and testimonies from people across Africa, Europe, and the diaspora who had known him.\nMay his soul rest in peace. Amen.\nDear readers, enjoy the issue.\nThe editorial team\nUseful links\nWebsite\nFacebook page\nTwitter\n","permalink":"/writing/revue-africaine-des-sciences-sociales-et-de-la-sante-publique-rasp-vol-191/","summary":"Presentation of Volume 19(1) of the African Review of Social Sciences and Public Health (RASP), its mission, anniversary context, and the articles included in the issue.","title":"African Review of Social Sciences and Public Health (RASP), Vol. 19(1)"},{"content":"The ACM\u0026rsquo;s 2018 Turing Award was awarded to Yann LeCun, Yoshua Bengio, and Geoffrey Hinton.\nThe Turing Award is often described as the Nobel Prize of computer science. It is awarded each year to one person or a group of people for their contribution to advancing the discipline.\nProfessor Yann, now leading Facebook\u0026rsquo;s AI division, fully deserves this distinction along with his colleagues. They are among the key pioneers of machine learning and deep learning, and this prize reflects more than 30 years of research and perseverance. Yann LeCun\u0026rsquo;s landmark article on the subject, still widely referenced today, dates back to 1989.\n","permalink":"/writing/acm-turing-award-2018/","summary":"The ACM\u0026rsquo;s 2018 Turing Award was awarded to Yann LeCun, Yoshua Bengio, and Geoffrey Hinton. The Turing Award is often described as the Nobel Prize of computer science.","title":"ACM Turing Award 2018"},{"content":"Quotation: What and why? For any serious writer, it is useful to have a reliable way to set quotations apart from the main flow of a text. A quotation may come from a book, an article, a speech, a poem, or another source that deserves emphasis.\nQuoting effectively matters because a well-chosen quotation can add emphasis, support, clarity, and relevance to a text. For further reading, see this essay by Prof. Ruth Finnegan.\nQuoting environments in LaTeX As you may imagine, in LaTeX there is not only one quoting environment. There are several environments for different purposes and different outputs. However, in this post we will focus on the fundamental classes for quoting.\nEnvironment When to use it quote For a short quotation or a series of short quotations separated by blank lines. quotation For longer quotations with more than one paragraph, since it indents the first line of each paragraph. Quote, e.g. \\documentclass{article} \\usepackage{lipsum} \\begin{document} [...] Before quote \\begin{quote} \\lipsum[1] \\end{quote} After quote [...] \\end{document} Output Quotation, e.g. \\documentclass{article} \\usepackage{lipsum} \\begin{document} [...] Before quotation \\begin{quotation} \\lipsum[1-2] \\end{quotation} After quotation [...] \\end{document} Output For further environments, you can check packages like dirtytalk, csquotes, or epigraph. They are all available on CTAN.\n","permalink":"/writing/quoting-in-latex/","summary":"A short introduction to quotation environments in LaTeX, with examples of the quote and quotation environments.","title":"Quoting in LaTeX"},{"content":"When writing a report, a thesis, a paper, or any technical document, there often comes a point when we begin to wonder whether we are really using the right tool. That question usually appears when the final output does not match what we had in mind.\nFor occasional writing, common word processors may be enough. But for more demanding academic or technical work, LaTeX remains one of the most powerful tools available.\nLaTeX is especially useful for:\ndocument structure; bibliographies and references; equations; tables and figures; typographic consistency. It can feel cumbersome at first. But once the learning curve begins to pay off, its advantages become difficult to give up:\nhigh-quality mathematical typesetting; easier management of references, cross-references, and indexes; greater focus on content rather than manual formatting; portability across machines and operating systems; long-term stability for academic writing. If you want to explore it further, these are good starting points:\nWhat is LaTeX? LaTeX installation guide A simple primer to get started ","permalink":"/writing/latex-lets-write/","summary":"A short note on LaTeX as a writing tool for technical, academic, and professional work that needs structure, consistency, and strong typesetting.","title":"LaTeX, let's write!"},{"content":"Introduction to programming A list of resources for aspiring developers\nTable of contents Introduction Objectives Where should I start? How is this page organized? Which resource should I choose? Attention General resources Other Online courses Programming languages C C++ C# Haskell HTML, CSS, and JavaScript Introduction Objectives Programming and computer science are more popular than ever. Initiatives such as Hour of Code have helped make learning to code visible around the world.\nAs a result, there is a growing number of resources for beginners, ranging from books and tutorials to interactive websites and MOOCs such as Codecademy, Coursera, and OpenClassrooms.\nThat abundance is excellent, but it can also make it hard to know where to begin.\nThis page is meant to help with that problem. It gathers high-quality starting points for people who are new to programming, new to a specific topic, or trying to move beyond the beginner stage. It is not an attempt to list everything. It is a curated list of resources that are worth your time.\nWhere should I start? If you already know what you want to learn, that is ideal. Browse the links below and find something that fits your goals.\nIf you do not know where to start or which language to learn, some good beginner-friendly options are:\nGolang for a language that combines relative simplicity with the efficiency and safety of a compiled language. Python for general-purpose programming, scientific computing, and mathematics. Java for general-purpose programming and Android development. HTML/CSS/JavaScript for websites and web applications. Scratch for children and highly visual first steps into programming. Python and Java are widely used to teach programming in schools and universities, and there is a large range of resources available for both. Web development is also a popular entry point because it often requires very little setup: a text editor and a browser are enough to get started.\nScratch is different from the others because it was designed from the ground up to be easy to use and easy to learn. Instead of typing text, you drag and connect visual blocks to create programs. That makes it especially suitable for younger learners or for people who prefer visual interaction.\nHow is this page organized? This page is divided into two main parts: a section of general resources that offers broad, high-quality learning material, and a section of more specific resources focused on particular programming languages or subjects.\nIn practice, most learning material tends to fall between two broad categories: online courses, and books plus tutorials. Online courses often rely on video lectures and a classroom-like structure. Books and tutorials teach through reading and usually let you learn more flexibly at your own pace.\nWhich resource should I choose? Whether you prefer learning through video or text is mostly a matter of personal preference. You may need to try several resources before you figure out what works best for you.\nMost learning resources also tend to emphasize one of three things:\nProgramming concepts, semantics, and problem solving. Syntax, rules, and the mechanics of a language. Idioms, best practices, philosophy, and the wider ecosystem around a language. If you are new to programming, the first type is usually the most useful. Programming is about solving problems by breaking them down into smaller parts until they can be translated into code. Memorizing syntax alone is not enough.\nIf you already know how to program, resources focused on syntax and differences between languages may be more efficient.\nAttention! This page is still a work in progress. Some sections may be incomplete, and some links may need to be updated over time.\nGeneral resources Other You can find a large list of free programming books and resources on GitHub.\nYou can also browse another meta-collection of programming resources here: http://resrc.io/\nOnline courses Online courses have become one of the most popular ways for universities and professionals to teach programming in a structured format. New courses appear constantly, so these platforms are worth revisiting from time to time.\nCodecademy offers free online courses in several languages, though it often focuses mainly on basic syntax. OpenClassrooms offers free and paid online courses and allows both readers and contributors to participate. Coursera hosts courses from major universities across many subjects. Udacity offers computing courses taught by industry experts. edX began as a joint effort involving MIT, Harvard, and Berkeley. OpenCulture curates many free recorded lectures. MIT OpenCourseWare provides static course material from MIT. Khan Academy includes introductory material on programming and many other subjects. Stanford Engineering Everywhere provides static course material from Stanford. Paid platforms with a wide range of courses include:\nTeam Treehouse, with a strong focus on web development and iOS. Lynda, which covers design, animation, video, business, and more. PluralSight, with more emphasis on developer and IT topics. General Assembly, which also includes broader professional and technical courses. Programming languages C C can be difficult to teach and to learn well. Courses and tutorials are useful, but many people still recommend complementing them with a proper book.\nOnline courses: Practical Programming in C Introduction to C Memory Management and C++ Object-Oriented Programming Effective Programming in C and C++ Interactive tutorials: Learn-C Books and online tutorials: Learn C the Hard Way C Programming Build Your Own Lisp More free books Printed books: The C Programming Language The Definitive C Book Guide and List C++ As with C, C++ is often easier to learn well with a combination of courses and serious reading.\nOnline courses: Introduction to C++ Introduction to C Memory Management and C++ Object-Oriented Programming Effective Programming in C and C++ C++ for C Programmers Interactive tutorials: Interactive C++ exercises Books and online tutorials: How to Think Like a Computer Scientist Learncpp.com Linear C++ More free books Printed books: The Definitive C++ Book Guide and List C-Sharp C# is a multi-paradigm language that supports imperative, declarative, functional, generic, object-oriented, and component-oriented programming styles.\nOnline courses: C# Fundamentals for Absolute Beginners Programming in C# Books and online tutorials: C# Programming The C# Yellow Book C# Essentials Visual C# resources More free books Haskell Haskell is a statically typed, purely functional language that differs significantly from many mainstream programming languages.\nOnline courses: Introduction to functional programming on edX Interactive tutorials: Try Haskell Books and online tutorials: Getting started with Haskell Learn You a Haskell for Great Good Haskell Real World Haskell More free books Exercises: H-99 HTML, CSS, and JavaScript HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are the three core technologies behind the web.\nHTML describes the structure and content of a page, CSS describes its visual style, and JavaScript adds behavior and interactivity.\nThe usual order is to begin with HTML and CSS, then move on to JavaScript once you are comfortable with the basics.\nAlso note that HTML and CSS are markup languages rather than programming languages in the strict sense. If your only goal is programming, you might choose to jump directly to JavaScript or another language. In practice, however, web development usually leads you back to HTML and CSS sooner or later.\n","permalink":"/writing/apprendre-a-programmer/","summary":"An introductory guide for aspiring developers, with general resources, online courses, and language-specific starting points.","title":"Learning to Program"},{"content":"Words of wisdom\u0026hellip; I believe that how we play is largely informed by the state of our souls.\nAre we generally at peace with life? Are we living in constant conflict? Are we in rebellion against almost everything? Are we constantly wound up, or able to take life as it comes? It is easy to think these questions have nothing to do with music. And yet they often appear in tone, rhythm, intensity, and even in silence.\nThe guitar is not just an instrument. It can become a place where struggle, joy, hesitation, and the inner shape of a life are carried into sound.\n","permalink":"/writing/guitar-not-just-an-instrument/","summary":"A short reflection on how peace, conflict, rebellion, and emotional tension can all be heard in the way we play an instrument.","title":"Guitar, not just an instrument"},{"content":"Recent developments in the web, social media, sensors, and mobile devices have resulted in the explosion of data set sizes and the emergence of big data. It has applications in retail, healthcare, financial services, government, agriculture, and customer service, among other sectors. At the same time, organisations depend on the protection of users\u0026rsquo; data, and the scale of these data environments makes effective analysis and protection more difficult with traditional techniques. This review examines the main security and privacy issues in big data, beginning with its characteristics and value before discussing the major challenges and possible directions for future research.\n","permalink":"/papers/a-review-of-big-data-security-and-privacy-issues/","summary":"A review article surveying security and privacy issues in big data environments.","title":"A review of big data security and privacy issues"},{"content":"Adding References in Zotero Import References Automatically Use the Zotero browser connector to capture references directly from databases such as Google Scholar or PubMed. Click the Zotero icon in your browser to add articles to your library. Add References Manually Click the \u0026ldquo;New Item\u0026rdquo; button in Zotero. Fill in the fields such as author, title, and date to create a custom entry. Capture Metadata from PDFs Drag and drop a PDF file into Zotero. Click \u0026ldquo;Retrieve Metadata\u0026rdquo; so Zotero can complete the information automatically. Organize your references here.\n","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/zotero/adding-references/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"adding-references-in-zotero\"\u003eAdding References in Zotero\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"import-references-automatically\"\u003eImport References Automatically\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse the Zotero browser connector to capture references directly from databases such as Google Scholar or PubMed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClick the Zotero icon in your browser to add articles to your library.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"Z\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/assets/images/references/zotero/7.png\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"add-references-manually\"\u003eAdd References Manually\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClick the \u0026ldquo;New Item\u0026rdquo; button in Zotero.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFill in the fields such as author, title, and date to create a custom entry.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"Z\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/assets/images/references/zotero/5.png\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"capture-metadata-from-pdfs\"\u003eCapture Metadata from PDFs\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrag and drop a PDF file into Zotero.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClick \u0026ldquo;Retrieve Metadata\u0026rdquo; so Zotero can complete the information automatically.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"/resources/bibliographie/zotero/organising-references/\"\u003eOrganize your references here.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Adding References in Zotero"},{"content":"Additional Resources on Zotero 1. Recommended Plugins and Extensions ZotFile: advanced PDF file management. Better BibTeX: integration with LaTeX. DOI Manager: checks and completes missing DOIs. \u0026hellip; 2. Official Tutorials and Documentation Official Zotero guide Zotero video tutorials 3. Support and Community Zotero forum: forums.zotero.org Zotero mailing list for regular updates. Back to the guide.\n","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/zotero/additional-resources/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"additional-resources-on-zotero\"\u003eAdditional Resources on Zotero\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1-recommended-plugins-and-extensions\"\u003e1. Recommended Plugins and Extensions\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eZotFile\u003c/strong\u003e: advanced PDF file management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBetter BibTeX\u003c/strong\u003e: integration with LaTeX.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDOI Manager\u003c/strong\u003e: checks and completes missing DOIs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u0026hellip;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"Z\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/assets/images/references/zotero/11.png\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"2-official-tutorials-and-documentation\"\u003e2. Official Tutorials and Documentation\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.zotero.org/support/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eOfficial Zotero guide\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.zotero.org/support/screencast_tutorials\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eZotero video tutorials\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"3-support-and-community\"\u003e3. Support and Community\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZotero forum: \u003ca href=\"https://forums.zotero.org/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eforums.zotero.org\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZotero mailing list for regular updates.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"/resources/bibliographie/zotero/introduction/\"\u003eBack to the guide.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Additional Resources"},{"content":"Advanced Zotero Features 1. Group Libraries and Collaboration Create group libraries to work with colleagues on shared projects. Manage access permissions for each member. Share notes and observations directly in Zotero. 2. Multilingual References Manage references in several languages through flexible metadata fields. Configure Zotero to apply citation styles suited to different languages. 3. Integration with Overleaf (LaTeX) Export Zotero references in BibTeX format for use with Overleaf. Install a plugin such as Better BibTeX to synchronize Zotero with your LaTeX projects. 4. Backup and Export Export your Zotero library in RIS, JSON, or CSV format. Back up your Zotero database regularly to avoid data loss. 5. Plugins and Extensions ZotFile: helps manage PDF files and extract annotations. Zotero PDF Preview: useful for quickly previewing documents. Explore the full Zotero plugin list here. Back to the guide.\n","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/zotero/advanced-features/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"advanced-zotero-features\"\u003eAdvanced Zotero Features\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1-group-libraries-and-collaboration\"\u003e1. Group Libraries and Collaboration\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCreate group libraries to work with colleagues on shared projects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManage access permissions for each member.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare notes and observations directly in Zotero.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"Z\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/assets/images/references/zotero/8.png\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"2-multilingual-references\"\u003e2. Multilingual References\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManage references in several languages through flexible metadata fields.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConfigure Zotero to apply citation styles suited to different languages.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"3-integration-with-overleaf-latex\"\u003e3. Integration with Overleaf (LaTeX)\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExport Zotero references in BibTeX format for use with Overleaf.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstall a plugin such as Better BibTeX to synchronize Zotero with your LaTeX projects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"Z\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/assets/images/references/zotero/9.png\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Advanced Features"},{"content":"Bibliometric Indicators h-index The h-index is an indicator that measures both the productivity and the impact of a researcher\u0026rsquo;s publications.\nA researcher has an h-index of value h if h of their articles have each been cited at least h times. Example: An h-index of 10 means that 10 articles have each been cited at least 10 times. Key points: Reflects both the quantity and the quality of publications. Limitation: it is not sensitive to highly cited papers beyond h. g-index The g-index is an alternative to the h-index that places greater emphasis on highly cited articles.\nA researcher has a g-index of value g if the top g cited articles together have received at least g² citations. Example: A g-index of 10 means that the 10 most cited articles together received at least 100 citations. Key points: Highlights publications with strong impact. Favors researchers with highly cited work. H1 norm The H1 norm adjusts the h-index by accounting for co-authorship.\nEach article contributes in proportion to the inverse of the number of co-authors (1/n, where n is the number of co-authors). Key points: Prevents papers with many co-authors from inflating a researcher\u0026rsquo;s h-index. Offers a fairer estimate of individual contribution. H1 annual The H1 annual is a time-normalized version of H1 norm that divides this metric by the number of years of academic activity.\nFormula: H1 norm divided by the number of active academic years. Key points: Makes it easier to compare researchers with careers of different lengths. Useful for evaluating average yearly impact. HA index The HA index is a weighted version of the h-index that also considers the number of citations per article.\nFormula: each article included in the h-index calculation is weighted by its citation count. Key points: Adds nuance to the h-index by accounting for citation intensity. Helps distinguish between researchers with the same h-index but different citation profiles. ","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/pop/indicateurs-pop/","summary":"\u003ch2 id=\"bibliometric-indicators\"\u003eBibliometric Indicators\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-index\"\u003eh-index\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cstrong\u003eh-index\u003c/strong\u003e is an indicator that measures both the productivity and the impact of a researcher\u0026rsquo;s publications.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA researcher has an \u003cstrong\u003eh-index\u003c/strong\u003e of value \u003cem\u003eh\u003c/em\u003e if \u003cem\u003eh\u003c/em\u003e of their articles have each been cited at least \u003cem\u003eh\u003c/em\u003e times.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExample\u003c/strong\u003e: An h-index of 10 means that 10 articles have each been cited at least 10 times.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4 id=\"key-points\"\u003eKey points:\u003c/h4\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReflects both the quantity and the quality of publications.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLimitation: it is not sensitive to highly cited papers beyond \u003cem\u003eh\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"g-index\"\u003eg-index\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cstrong\u003eg-index\u003c/strong\u003e is an alternative to the h-index that places greater emphasis on highly cited articles.\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Bibliometric Indicators"},{"content":"C Note: C can be a difficult language to teach and learn at first. While online courses and books are a good starting point, many learners find that working through a proper book remains the best approach.\nOnline courses:\nMIT OpenCourseWare offers several: Practical Programming in C For beginners. Introduction to C Memory Management and C++ Object-Oriented Programming Suitable for people with previous experience in another programming language that is not C or C++. Effective Programming in C and C++ Similar in level to the two above. Video tutorials: N/A\nInteractive tutorials:\nLearn-C An interactive online guide that teaches basic C step by step. Books and tutorials (online):\nLearn C the Hard Way Part of the \u0026ldquo;Learn X the Hard Way\u0026rdquo; series. It assumes some previous programming experience. C Programming One of the flagship Wikibooks texts. It focuses mainly on syntax and works well both as a starting point and as a reference. Build Your Own Lisp Shows how to write a Lisp interpreter in C while teaching both ideas at the same time. More free books Books (print):\nThe C Programming Language The definitive guide to C, often known as K\u0026amp;R after its authors. The Definitive C Book Guide and List A well-maintained Stack Overflow list of recommended C books and resources. Exercises: N/A\n","permalink":"/resources/programming/langages/c/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"c\"\u003eC\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: C can be a difficult language to teach and learn at first. While online courses and books are a good starting point, many learners find that working through a proper book remains the best approach.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOnline courses:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMIT OpenCourseWare offers several:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-087-practical-programming-in-c-january-iap-2010/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePractical Programming in C\u003c/a\u003e\nFor beginners.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-088-introduction-to-c-memory-management-and-c-object-oriented-programming-january-iap-2010/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eIntroduction to C Memory Management and C++ Object-Oriented Programming\u003c/a\u003e\nSuitable for people with previous experience in another programming language that is not C or C++.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-s096-effective-programming-in-c-and-c-january-iap-2014/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eEffective Programming in C and C++\u003c/a\u003e\nSimilar in level to the two above.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVideo tutorials:\u003c/strong\u003e N/A\u003c/p\u003e","title":"C"},{"content":"C# C# is a multi-paradigm programming language that combines strong typing, imperative programming, declarative styles, functional features, generics, object orientation, and component-based development.\nOnline courses:\nMicrosoft Virtual Academy offers a few free courses: C# Fundamentals for Absolute Beginners A Microsoft video series for beginners learning C#. Programming in C# Another Microsoft video series that assumes some prior exposure to C#. Interactive tutorials: N/A\nVideo tutorials: N/A\nBooks and tutorials (online):\nC# Programming A Wikibooks resource for beginners that focuses on syntax and also works well as a reference. The C# Yellow Book An introductory text used by the University of Hull. C# Essentials An introductory text that also includes material on Windows Forms, Visual Studio, and graphical interfaces. Visual C# resources Official Microsoft tutorials and guides on C# and .NET. More free books Books (print):\nSam\u0026rsquo;s Teach Yourself C# 5.0 in 24 Hours by Scott Dorman A good beginner-friendly introduction. Essential C# 5.0 A very comprehensive book, especially suitable for intermediate programmers coming from another language. C# in Depth, 3rd Edition Also very comprehensive, with a strong focus on writing clean and idiomatic C#. Effective C# and More Effective C# Collections of tips for improving C# code. Not ideal for beginners. Exercises: N/A\n","permalink":"/resources/programming/langages/c-sharp/","summary":"\u003ch3 id=\"c\"\u003eC#\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eC# is a multi-paradigm programming language that combines strong typing, imperative programming, declarative styles, functional features, generics, object orientation, and component-based development.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOnline courses:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMicrosoft Virtual Academy offers a few free courses:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://channel9.msdn.com/Series/C-Fundamentals-for-Absolute-Beginners\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eC# Fundamentals for Absolute Beginners\u003c/a\u003e\nA Microsoft video series for beginners learning C#.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.microsoftvirtualacademy.com/training-courses/developer-training-with-programming-in-c\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eProgramming in C#\u003c/a\u003e\nAnother Microsoft video series that assumes some prior exposure to C#.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInteractive tutorials:\u003c/strong\u003e N/A\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVideo tutorials:\u003c/strong\u003e N/A\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBooks and tutorials (online):\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"C#"},{"content":"C++ Note: like C, C++ can be a difficult language to teach and learn at first. While online courses and books are a good starting point and can take you a long way, the general consensus is that one of the best ways to learn it is to work through a proper book.\nOnline courses\nMIT OpenCourseWare has several: Introduction to C++ For beginners, with a fairly fast pace. Introduction to C Memory Management and C++ Object-Oriented Programming Suitable for people with previous experience in another programming language that is not C or C++. [Effective Programming in C and C++][c-mit-effective] Similar in level to the two above. Stanford\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;Introduction to Computer Science\u0026rdquo; three-part beginner series. The first course teaches Java, and the last two teach C and C++. Programming Methodology Programming Abstractions Programming Paradigms Coursera: C++ for C Programmers This can also be useful for programmers with previous experience in another language outside C or C++. Interactive tutorials\nInteractive C++ exercises A basic introduction to C++. It sits somewhere between an interactive tutorial and an online book. Video tutorials: N/A\nBooks and tutorials (online)\nHow to Think Like a Computer Scientist A good introduction to basic C++. Learncpp.com Focuses more on syntax and less on programming as a way of thinking. It may be useful for beginners, but more as a reference than as a tutorial. Linear C++ A C++ tutorial for people who already have some programming experience. It teaches by presenting and explaining a series of programs. More free books Books (print)\nThe Definitive C++ Book Guide and List A very well-maintained Stack Overflow list of recommended books and resources. All the books listed there are strongly recommended. Exercises: N/A\n","permalink":"/resources/programming/langages/c-plus-plus/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"c\"\u003eC++\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: like C, C++ can be a difficult language to teach and learn at first. While online courses and books are a good starting point and can take you a long way, the general consensus is that one of the best ways to learn it is to work through a proper book.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOnline courses\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMIT OpenCourseWare has several:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-096-introduction-to-c-january-iap-2011/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eIntroduction to C++\u003c/a\u003e\nFor beginners, with a fairly fast pace.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-088-introduction-to-c-memory-management-and-c-object-oriented-programming-january-iap-2010/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eIntroduction to C Memory Management and C++ Object-Oriented Programming\u003c/a\u003e\nSuitable for people with previous experience in another programming language that is not C or C++.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[Effective Programming in C and C++][c-mit-effective]\nSimilar in level to the two above.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStanford\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;Introduction to Computer Science\u0026rdquo; three-part beginner series.\u003c/strong\u003e The first course teaches Java, and the last two teach C and C++.\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://see.stanford.edu/see/courseinfo.aspxcoll=824a47e1-135f-4508-a5aa-866adcae1111\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eProgramming Methodology\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://see.stanford.edu/see/courseinfo.aspxcoll=11f4f422-5670-4b4c-889c-008262e09e4e\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eProgramming Abstractions\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://see.stanford.edu/see/courseinfo.aspxcoll=2d712634-2bf1-4b55-9a3a-ca9d470755ee\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eProgramming Paradigms\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoursera: \u003ca href=\"https://www.coursera.org/course/cplusplus4c\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eC++ for C Programmers\u003c/a\u003e\nThis can also be useful for programmers with previous experience in another language outside C or C++.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInteractive tutorials\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"C++"},{"content":"Étude de Cas 1: analyse d’un ensemble de tweets Objectif Appliquer les techniques d\u0026rsquo;analyse textuelle pour extraire des informations à partir de tweets collectés. Étapes Collecte des Données : utilisation de l\u0026rsquo;outil Lobster pour extraire les tweets sur un sujet spécifique. Prétraitement : nettoyage des tweets en appliquant les techniques vues (tokenisation, lemmatisation, suppression des stop words). Analyse de sentiment : déterminer le ton général des tweets (positif, négatif, neutre). ","permalink":"/resources/workshop/module2-analyse-texte/section1-analyse-sentiment/etude-de-cas/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"étude-de-cas-1-analyse-dun-ensemble-de-tweets\"\u003eÉtude de Cas 1: analyse d’un ensemble de tweets\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"objectif\"\u003eObjectif\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppliquer les techniques d\u0026rsquo;analyse textuelle pour extraire des informations à partir de tweets collectés.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"étapes\"\u003eÉtapes\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCollecte des Données\u003c/strong\u003e : utilisation de l\u0026rsquo;outil \u003cstrong\u003eLobster\u003c/strong\u003e pour extraire les tweets sur un sujet spécifique.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrétraitement\u003c/strong\u003e : nettoyage des tweets en appliquant les techniques vues (tokenisation, lemmatisation, suppression des stop words).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnalyse de sentiment\u003c/strong\u003e : déterminer le ton général des tweets (positif, négatif, neutre).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e","title":"Case Study 1"},{"content":"YouTube Channel Network This section explores the creation of a YouTube channel network based on mutual subscriptions. This type of network helps reveal connections and possible collaborations between channels working in similar areas.\nConcept The YouTube channel network focuses on subscription relations:\nNodes: YouTube channels. Edges: a link is created when one channel subscribes to another, suggesting affinity or shared interest. Objectives of the Analysis Identify thematic communities of channels within a specific niche such as technology, fashion, education, or journalism. Discover key influencers or bridging channels that connect different communities. Visualize potential collaborations or influence ties between channels. Example of a Practical Case Practical Steps Data collection: extract subscriptions between channels through the YouTube API. Data preparation: organize subscriptions as source and target pairs. Visualization with Gephi: import the data into Gephi to identify communities and visualize relations. Test your knowledge with real data here.\nConclusion Analyzing YouTube channel networks helps highlight influence groups and niches, offering insight into community dynamics and content strategies on the platform.\n","permalink":"/resources/workshop/module3-analyse-reseaux/section4-youtube/chaines/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"youtube-channel-network\"\u003eYouTube Channel Network\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis section explores the creation of a YouTube channel network based on mutual subscriptions. This type of network helps reveal connections and possible collaborations between channels working in similar areas.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"concept\"\u003eConcept\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe YouTube channel network focuses on subscription relations:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNodes\u003c/strong\u003e: YouTube channels.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEdges\u003c/strong\u003e: a link is created when one channel subscribes to another, suggesting affinity or shared interest.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"objectives-of-the-analysis\"\u003eObjectives of the Analysis\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIdentify \u003cstrong\u003ethematic communities\u003c/strong\u003e of channels within a specific niche such as technology, fashion, education, or journalism.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiscover \u003cstrong\u003ekey influencers\u003c/strong\u003e or bridging channels that connect different communities.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVisualize \u003cstrong\u003epotential collaborations\u003c/strong\u003e or influence ties between channels.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"example-of-a-practical-case\"\u003eExample of a Practical Case\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"practical-steps\"\u003ePractical Steps\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData collection\u003c/strong\u003e: extract subscriptions between channels through the YouTube API.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData preparation\u003c/strong\u003e: organize subscriptions as source and target pairs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVisualization with Gephi\u003c/strong\u003e: import the data into Gephi to identify communities and visualize relations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/mkantem/practice-datasets/tree/main/Gephi/Channel%20network\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eTest your knowledge with real data here.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Channel Network"},{"content":"TexteSense TexteSense is a custom GPT that I designed for French-speaking users who want to carry out in-depth text analysis. This model is optimized for tasks such as sentiment analysis and topic modeling, and it can process texts in both French and English while always returning the output in French.\nFeatures Sentiment analysis: identifies the emotional tone of a text (positive, negative, or neutral) and provides detailed explanations. Topic modeling: extracts the main themes from a text to provide a quick and relevant overview. Multilingual support: English texts are translated into French before analysis to keep the results consistent. Multiple document support: accepts text pasted directly into the chat box or uploaded files, whether single or multiple. Access link\nExamples of Use Sentiment Analysis To analyze the sentiment of a text, simply enter the text into the chat box. TexteSense will identify whether the sentiment is positive, negative, or neutral, and will provide a short explanation.\nTopic Modeling To identify the main themes in a text, simply submit the text. TexteSense returns a concise list of the topics addressed.\nProcessing Uploaded Documents TexteSense also supports uploaded documents. You can submit multiple documents for batch analysis, with results produced for each file.\nHow to Use TexteSense Enter or upload the text or documents you want to analyze. Select the type of analysis you want: sentiment analysis or topic modeling. Receive the results directly in French, regardless of the input language. Use Cases Students and researchers: quickly analyze academic articles to identify their main themes. Marketing professionals: assess the sentiment of customer reviews and adapt communication strategies. Social media management: monitor the tone of posts and feedback to understand trends. Limitations Text length: make sure the texts or documents do not exceed the model\u0026rsquo;s maximum processing limit for best results. Linguistic nuance: although TexteSense performs well in French and English, some nuanced expressions may still be interpreted approximately. ChatGPT Plus: a ChatGPT subscription is required to use it, since custom GPTs are not available on the free tier. ","permalink":"/resources/workshop/module4-ia/chatgpt/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"textesense\"\u003eTexteSense\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://chatgpt.com/g/g-eNOfYQZHA-intellitexte\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTexteSense\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/a\u003e is a custom GPT that I designed for French-speaking users who want to carry out in-depth text analysis. This model is optimized for tasks such as sentiment analysis and topic modeling, and it can process texts in both French and English while always returning the output in French.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"IA\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/assets/images/workshop/ia/textesense.png\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"features\"\u003eFeatures\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSentiment analysis\u003c/strong\u003e: identifies the emotional tone of a text (positive, negative, or neutral) and provides detailed explanations.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTopic modeling\u003c/strong\u003e: extracts the main themes from a text to provide a quick and relevant overview.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMultilingual support\u003c/strong\u003e: English texts are translated into French before analysis to keep the results consistent.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMultiple document support\u003c/strong\u003e: accepts text pasted directly into the chat box or uploaded files, whether single or multiple.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://chatgpt.com/g/g-eNOfYQZHA-intellitexte\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAccess link\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"ChatGPT: TexteSense"},{"content":"Citing Your Sources with Zotero Integrate Zotero with Your Writing Tools Install the Zotero plugin for Microsoft Word or Google Docs. Add the Zotero toolbar so you can insert citations directly into your documents. Create Citations in Your Documents Click \u0026ldquo;Add/Edit Citation\u0026rdquo; in your document. Select the citation style you want, such as APA, MLA, or Chicago. Generate Bibliographies Select your references in Zotero. Right-click and choose \u0026ldquo;Create Bibliography\u0026rdquo;. Explore advanced features here.\n","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/zotero/citing-sources/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"citing-your-sources-with-zotero\"\u003eCiting Your Sources with Zotero\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"integrate-zotero-with-your-writing-tools\"\u003eIntegrate Zotero with Your Writing Tools\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstall the Zotero plugin for Microsoft Word or Google Docs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdd the Zotero toolbar so you can insert citations directly into your documents.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"Z\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/assets/images/references/zotero/6.png\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"create-citations-in-your-documents\"\u003eCreate Citations in Your Documents\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClick \u0026ldquo;Add/Edit Citation\u0026rdquo; in your document.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSelect the citation style you want, such as APA, MLA, or Chicago.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"generate-bibliographies\"\u003eGenerate Bibliographies\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSelect your references in Zotero.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRight-click and choose \u0026ldquo;Create Bibliography\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"/resources/bibliographie/zotero/advanced-features/\"\u003eExplore advanced features here.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Citing Your Sources"},{"content":"","permalink":"/resources/programming/data/data/","summary":"","title":"Data"},{"content":"Scraping avec les APIs Introduction aux APIs Qu\u0026rsquo;est-ce qu\u0026rsquo;une API Une API (Interface de Programmation d\u0026rsquo;Applications) est un ensemble de définitions et de protocoles qui permet à différents logiciels de communiquer entre eux. Elle sert d\u0026rsquo;intermédiaire pour échanger des informations de manière structurée.\nExemple : une API est comme un serveur dans un restaurant. Vous (le client) passez votre commande au serveur (API), qui va la chercher en cuisine (le serveur de données) et vous apporte le plat (les données).\nPourquoi utiliser les APIs pour le scraping de données Avantages : Accès direct à des données structurées. Données mises à jour en temps réel. Réduction des risques de blocage par les sites web. Comparaison avec le scraping traditionnel : Le scraping traditionnel peut être fragile et peut enfreindre les conditions d\u0026rsquo;utilisation de certains sites. Comprendre l\u0026rsquo;accès aux APIs APIs publiques vs privées APIs publiques : accessibles à tous, parfois sans authentification. APIs privées : nécessitent une authentification et des autorisations spécifiques. Clés API et authentification Une clé API est comme un identifiant unique qui permet d\u0026rsquo;accéder à une API.\nProcessus d\u0026rsquo;authentification : Présentation des méthodes courantes (clés API, OAuth). Limites de taux et politiques d\u0026rsquo;utilisation Limites de taux : nombre maximal de requêtes autorisées dans une période donnée. Respect des politiques : importance de lire les conditions d\u0026rsquo;utilisation pour éviter les sanctions. APIs des réseaux sociaux populaires API Twitter Description : l\u0026rsquo;API X (v2) permet d\u0026rsquo;accéder aux tweets, profils utilisateurs, tendances, etc. Données accessibles : tweets récents, informations sur les utilisateurs, tendances. Procédure d\u0026rsquo;accès : Créer un compte développeur. Demander des clés API. Outils : Apipheny : intégration avec Google Sheets. Postman : interface pour tester les requêtes. API Facebook Graph Description : permet d\u0026rsquo;accéder aux données de profil, pages, et publications Facebook. Données accessibles : données publiques (pages, événements, etc.). Procédure d\u0026rsquo;accès : Créer un compte développeur. Demander une clé API. Outils : Postman et Insomnia. API Instagram basic display Description : donne accès aux informations de base sur les médias et les profils Instagram. Données Accessibles : photos, vidéos, descriptions, etc. Procédure d\u0026rsquo;Accès : S\u0026rsquo;inscrire comme développeur. Obtenir une clé API. Outils : NoCodeAPI. API LinkedIn Description : API permettant d\u0026rsquo;accéder aux informations de profil et aux publications. Données Accessibles : informations de profil, relations, publications. Procédure d\u0026rsquo;Accès : Créer un compte développeur LinkedIn. Demander l\u0026rsquo;accès API. Outils : Utilisation d’intégrations de plateforme pour les entreprises. API YouTube Data Description : donne accès aux vidéos, commentaires, et autres données de YouTube. Données Accessibles : vidéos, commentaires, informations sur les chaînes. Procédure d\u0026rsquo;Accès : S\u0026rsquo;inscrire sur le portail développeur Google. Obtenir une clé API. Outils : Apipheny, Power BI. Limitations et défis Restrictions d\u0026rsquo;accès Limitations pour les comptes gratuits ou API fermées comme avec twitter depuis Mars 2023. Barrières techniques Certaines APIs (en vrai, la majorité) peuvent nécessiter des connaissances en programmation. Disponibilité des données Pas toutes les informations sont accessibles sans restrictions. Solutions alternatives Outils et services tiers alternatives sans codage Thoughts \u0026hellip; L\u0026rsquo;utilisation des APIs pour le scraping de données présente un moyen puissant et structuré d\u0026rsquo;accéder aux informations partagées sur les réseaux sociaux et autres plateformes en ligne. Contrairement au scraping traditionnel, qui peut être complexe et souvent en contradiction avec les conditions d\u0026rsquo;utilisation des sites web, les APIs permettent une collecte de données plus fiable et respectueuse des règles établies par chaque plateforme.\nPour les chercheurs et autres utilisateurs intéressés par l\u0026rsquo;analyse des comportements en ligne, l\u0026rsquo;API fournit un accès direct et souvent en temps réel aux données essentielles. Cependant, il est important de bien comprendre et de respecter les limites d\u0026rsquo;utilisation et les conditions d’accès pour garantir une utilisation responsable et éthique des données recueillies.\nBien que ce cours soit spécifiquement conçu pour les non-développeurs, je vous encourage vivement à explorer les bases de la programmation. Apprendre quelques notions de programmation vous permettra de tirer le meilleur parti des APIs et de développer vos analyses de données de manière plus avancée. Les connaissances en programmation ouvrent un monde de possibilités, vous permettant d\u0026rsquo;explorer les données de façon plus flexible et de personnaliser les analyses pour répondre aux besoins uniques de vos recherches.\nSuggestion : dans cette même section de ressources, vous trouverez un guide pour débutants en langages de programmation. Ce guide est conçu pour introduire les bases du code et les outils essentiels, afin que vous puissiez vous lancer sans difficulté dans l\u0026rsquo;univers du développement.\nEn intégrant progressivement la programmation dans vos compétences, vous pourrez :\nInteragir directement avec les APIs : programmer des requêtes personnalisées pour collecter des données précises et ciblées. Automatiser vos analyses : faciliter les processus de collecte, nettoyage, et analyse de données de manière efficace. Avancer dans vos projets de recherche : aller au-delà des outils sans codage pour des explorations plus complexes et adaptées à vos objectifs. Bien entendu, le parcours d’apprentissage peut être progressif. Pour le moment, concentrez-vous sur les techniques abordées ici. Mais gardez en tête que, plus vous maîtriserez les bases du codage informatique, plus vos capacités d\u0026rsquo;analyse et d’interaction avec les données s\u0026rsquo;élargiront.\nBonne exploration, et n’hésitez pas à consulter le guide pour commencer votre apprentissage ! Rappel : La page de ressource restera en ligne et continuera d\u0026rsquo;être enrichie pour intégrer de nouveaux outils et de nouvelles méthodes d\u0026rsquo;analyse en fonction de l\u0026rsquo;évolution des technologies.\n","permalink":"/resources/workshop/module1-introduction/collecte-de-donn%C3%A9es-via-api/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"scraping-avec-les-apis\"\u003eScraping avec les APIs\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"introduction-aux-apis\"\u003eIntroduction aux APIs\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"quest-ce-quune-api\"\u003eQu\u0026rsquo;est-ce qu\u0026rsquo;une API\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUne \u003cstrong\u003eAPI\u003c/strong\u003e (Interface de Programmation d\u0026rsquo;Applications) est un ensemble de définitions et de protocoles qui permet à différents logiciels de communiquer entre eux. Elle sert d\u0026rsquo;intermédiaire pour échanger des informations de manière structurée.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExemple\u003c/strong\u003e : une API est comme un serveur dans un restaurant. Vous (le client) passez votre commande au serveur (API), qui va la chercher en cuisine (le serveur de données) et vous apporte le plat (les données).\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Data Collection via API"},{"content":"This project examines how social norms shape attitudes toward online privacy in three culturally distinct settings: Mali, Tanzania, and Sweden.\nIts broader goal is to challenge the dominance of universalized or Western-centered assumptions in behavioral information security and to contribute to more culturally grounded ways of thinking about privacy, disclosure, and digital behavior.\nBy comparing experiences across these contexts, the project seeks to identify both shared and region-specific factors that influence online privacy attitudes. The long-term ambition is to support information-security practices that are more culturally informed, more inclusive, and better aligned with the values and realities of different communities.\nThis project is currently unfunded, but it has already shaped several preliminary studies and funding applications. It sits at the center of a wider research agenda on self-disclosure online, privacy, and context-sensitive digital behavior.\nRelated work Use of partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) in privacy and disclosure research on social network sites A mapping of the factors related to self-disclosure on social network sites Towards a model for self-disclosure on social network sites ","permalink":"/projects/decolonising-bis/","summary":"An ongoing research agenda on social norms, privacy attitudes, and culturally grounded behavioral information security.","title":"Decolonising Behavioral Information Security (BIS)"},{"content":"Support a specific project or contribute more broadly to the research, teaching, and public-interest work gathered on this site.\n","permalink":"/donate/","summary":"Support a specific project or contribute to the wider research agenda.","title":"Donate"},{"content":"","permalink":"/resources/programming/ressources/ressources/","summary":"","title":"General Resources"},{"content":"Hands-on Exercises with Zotero These practical exercises are designed to help you use Zotero in real research situations. The topics draw on current issues such as young people\u0026rsquo;s use of social media, the situation in the Sahel, and the preparation of a literature review.\nExercise 1: Organizing a Literature Review Context: You are preparing a literature review on the impact of social media on young people\u0026rsquo;s political participation in the Sahel.\nInstructions: Search for scholarly articles on Google Scholar using the keywords: \u0026ldquo;social media\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;political participation\u0026rdquo;, and \u0026ldquo;Sahel\u0026rdquo;. Use the Zotero browser connector to import at least 10 references into your Zotero library. Create a dedicated collection for this literature review. Add relevant tags such as \u0026ldquo;Facebook\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;Twitter\u0026rdquo;, or \u0026ldquo;engagement\u0026rdquo;. Generate a bibliography in APA style from your references. Exercise 2: Analyzing Young People\u0026rsquo;s Use of Social Media Context: You are analyzing studies about the use of TikTok and Twitter by young people in the Sahel in order to better understand their digital practices.\nInstructions: Search for reports or articles online about the use of TikTok and Twitter by young people in the Sahel region. Add non-academic sources manually in Zotero, such as reports or blog posts. Download relevant PDFs and use Zotero to retrieve the metadata automatically. Add notes to your references to summarize the key points of each source. Share a Zotero collection with a colleague for collaboration. Exercise 3: Researching the Security Situation in the Sahel Context: You are conducting research on the social impacts of the security crisis in the Sahel, with a focus on recent studies.\nInstructions: Identify at least 5 scholarly articles in academic databases. Add these references to Zotero and organize them in a new collection. Use Zotero\u0026rsquo;s advanced search to find articles containing the keyword \u0026ldquo;Sahel\u0026rdquo; in the title. Add tags and subcollections to organize your material by theme, such as \u0026ldquo;social impacts\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;migration\u0026rdquo;. Insert citations from your articles into a Google Docs document and generate a bibliography. Exercise 4: Collaboration and Reference Sharing Context: You are working in a group to prepare a collaborative literature review on education policies in the Sahel.\nInstructions: Create a Zotero group library and invite two colleagues to collaborate. Add references related to education policies in the Sahel to the shared library. Add comments or notes to the references so you can share your observations with your colleagues. Export the library as a CSV file and share it with the team. Back to the guide.\n","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/zotero/hands-on-zotero/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"hands-on-exercises-with-zotero\"\u003eHands-on Exercises with Zotero\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese practical exercises are designed to help you use Zotero in real research situations. The topics draw on current issues such as young people\u0026rsquo;s use of social media, the situation in the Sahel, and the preparation of a literature review.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"exercise-1-organizing-a-literature-review\"\u003eExercise 1: Organizing a Literature Review\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"context\"\u003eContext:\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou are preparing a literature review on the impact of social media on young people\u0026rsquo;s political participation in the Sahel.\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Hands-on Exercises"},{"content":"Haskell Haskell is a polymorphic, statically typed, and purely functional programming language, which makes it quite different from most other languages. It is named after Haskell Brooks Curry, whose work in mathematical logic helped lay the foundations for functional programming languages. Haskell is based on the lambda calculus, which is why it uses lambda as its logo.\nOnline courses:\nIntroduction to Functional Programming on edX Requires familiarity with a non-functional programming language such as Java, Python, C#, or C++. Interactive tutorials\nTry Haskell An interactive guide that teaches basic Haskell. Video tutorials: N/A\nBooks and tutorials (online):\nGetting started with Haskell A comprehensive meta-guide that suggests an order for learning Haskell from beginner to more advanced levels. Learn You a Haskell for Great Good A beginner-friendly introduction that focuses heavily on syntax and core ideas. Haskell A substantial Wikibooks text ranging from basic to advanced Haskell. Real World Haskell Covers how to use Haskell for practical applications and works well as a second book. More free books Books (print): N/A\nExercises:\nH-99 A collection of 99 problems designed to improve your Haskell skills. ","permalink":"/resources/programming/langages/haskell/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"haskell\"\u003eHaskell\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaskell is a \u003ca href=\"https://wiki.haskell.org/Polymorphism\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epolymorphic\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://wiki.haskell.org/Typing\" target=\"_blank\"\u003estatically typed\u003c/a\u003e, and \u003ca href=\"https://wiki.haskell.org/Lazy_evaluation\" target=\"_blank\"\u003epurely functional\u003c/a\u003e programming language, which makes it quite different from most other languages. It is named after \u003ca href=\"https://wiki.haskell.org/Haskell_Brooks_Curry\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eHaskell Brooks Curry\u003c/a\u003e, whose work in mathematical logic helped lay the foundations for functional programming languages. Haskell is based on the \u003ca href=\"https://wiki.haskell.org/Lambda_calculus\" target=\"_blank\"\u003elambda calculus\u003c/a\u003e, which is why it uses lambda as its logo.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOnline courses:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-functional-programming-delftx-fp101x#.VJw54f-kAA\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eIntroduction to Functional Programming on edX\u003c/a\u003e\nRequires familiarity with a non-functional programming language such as Java, Python, C#, or C++.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInteractive tutorials\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Haskell"},{"content":"HealthyMaman focuses on improving antenatal care attendance in Mali through SMS-based interventions and related maternal-health support strategies.\nThe project responds to a major public-health challenge. Regular antenatal visits are crucial for maternal and neonatal outcomes, yet attendance remains uneven, and avoidable complications continue to contribute to maternal and perinatal mortality. HealthyMaman explores how mobile communication can help bridge that gap in a practical and context-sensitive way.\nThe current phase of the study, launched in 2024, is supported through early-career funding linked to the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene and the National Institute for Health and Care Research. Its immediate aim is to document the feasibility of designing a scalable SMS-based intervention for antenatal care in Mali.\nProject aims Improve attendance at antenatal appointments through timely SMS reminders. Share essential health information related to pregnancy, nutrition, and maternal care. Strengthen supportive links between pregnant women and healthcare providers. Current phase The work has included literature review, local engagement with health professionals, and workshop-based discussions with women and specialists to understand preferred message content, communication rhythms, and practical constraints. That process is meant to inform an intervention that is both usable and scalable.\nThis project sits at the intersection of public health, digital communication, and implementation research in a low-resource setting.\nRelated work Effectiveness of SMS-based interventions in enhancing antenatal care in developing countries Reflections on the 2024 Sahel symposium: presenting HealthyMaman and stimulating partnerships Exciting progress on the Healthy Maman project: workshop recap and next steps ","permalink":"/projects/healthymaman/","summary":"A maternal health project exploring SMS-based interventions to improve antenatal care attendance in Mali.","title":"HealthyMaman"},{"content":"HTML, CSS, and JavaScript Note: HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are the three core technologies that run in every web browser and make up every web page.\nHTML is used to describe the structure and content of a web page, CSS describes its style and appearance, and JavaScript handles behavior and interactivity.\nThe usual recommended order is to start with HTML and CSS, then move on to JavaScript once you feel comfortable with the basics of the first two.\nIt is also worth noting that HTML and CSS are markup languages rather than programming languages, so they are quite different from JavaScript. If your goal is strictly to learn programming, you may want to jump directly to JavaScript or another programming language. Still, because JavaScript is mainly used through the browser, learning HTML and CSS will be useful sooner or later.\n","permalink":"/resources/programming/langages/balises/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"html-css-and-javascript\"\u003eHTML, CSS, and JavaScript\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are the three core technologies that run in every web browser and make up every web page.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHTML is used to describe the \u003cem\u003estructure\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003econtent\u003c/em\u003e of a web page, CSS describes its \u003cem\u003estyle\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eappearance\u003c/em\u003e, and JavaScript handles \u003cem\u003ebehavior\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003einteractivity\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe usual recommended order is to start with HTML and CSS, then move on to JavaScript once you feel comfortable with the basics of the first two.\u003c/p\u003e","title":"HTML, CSS, and JavaScript"},{"content":"1. HTTrack Qu\u0026rsquo;est-ce que HTTrack HTTrack est un logiciel libre et open-source qui vous permet de télécharger et copier des sites web pour les consulter hors ligne. Il est particulièrement utile pour le scraping de sites web statiques ou semi-dynamiques.\nInstallation de HTTrack Pour installer HTTrack :\nTéléchargez HTTrack depuis ce lien. 2. Installez le logiciel en suivant les instructions sur votre système d’exploitation (Windows, macOS, Linux).\nUtilisation de HTTrack Une fois installé, voici comment utiliser HTTrack pour copier un site web :\nLancez HTTrack et cliquez sur \u0026ldquo;Suivant\u0026rdquo; pour commencer un nouveau projet. Nom du projet : Donnez un nom à votre projet, par exemple \u0026ldquo;Scraping site web\u0026rdquo;. Catégorie : Vous pouvez laisser cette option par défaut ou créer une nouvelle catégorie. Adresse Web (URL) : Entrez l’URL du site web que vous souhaitez copier. Par exemple, https://example.com. Choisissez l\u0026rsquo;option de téléchargement : Vous pouvez choisir de copier uniquement certaines parties du site, comme les pages HTML, ou tout le contenu (images, scripts, etc.). Lancez le téléchargement : Cliquez sur \u0026ldquo;Terminer / Finish\u0026rdquo; pour démarrer le processus. HTTrack commencera à copier le site sur votre disque local. Consultation hors ligne : Une fois le site copié, vous pourrez ouvrir les fichiers HTML directement depuis votre disque dur, en naviguant comme si vous étiez en ligne. Astuces et limitations de HTTrack Limitation : HTTrack fonctionne très bien avec des sites statiques, mais peut avoir des difficultés avec des sites très dynamiques (comme ceux qui utilisent beaucoup de JavaScript). Attention à l\u0026rsquo;éthique : Assurez-vous de vérifier les conditions d’utilisation des sites avant de les scraper avec HTTrack. Exercice pratique Objectif : Utiliser HTTrack pour copier un petit site web statique.\nTéléchargez HTTrack et installez-le. Choisissez un site web simple (par exemple, un blog ou un site de documentations). Suivez les étapes ci-dessus pour copier le site sur votre ordinateur. Naviguez sur le site copié hors ligne. Conclusion Dans cette section, vous avez appris à utiliser HTTrack pour extraire et copier des sites web. C\u0026rsquo;est un outil très utile pour le scraping de sites statiques, et il est facile à prendre en main même pour les débutants.\n","permalink":"/resources/workshop/module1-introduction/httrack/","summary":"\u003ch2 id=\"1-httrack\"\u003e1. \u003cstrong\u003eHTTrack\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"quest-ce-que-httrack\"\u003eQu\u0026rsquo;est-ce que HTTrack\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHTTrack est un logiciel libre et open-source qui vous permet de télécharger et copier des sites web pour les consulter hors ligne. Il est particulièrement utile pour le scraping de sites web statiques ou semi-dynamiques.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"installation-de-httrack\"\u003eInstallation de HTTrack\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePour installer HTTrack :\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTéléchargez HTTrack\u003c/strong\u003e depuis \u003ca href=\"https://www.httrack.com/page/2/en/index/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ece lien\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"Téléchargez HTTrack\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"../../assets/images/workshop/httrack1.png\"\u003e\n2. Installez le logiciel en suivant les instructions sur votre système d’exploitation (Windows, \u003ca href=\"https://lucidgen.com/en/how-to-use-httrack-on-mac/#:~:text=like%20a%20coder%E2%80%9D.-,Install%20HTTrack%20on%20Mac,can%20install%20HTTrack%20for%20Macbook.\" target=\"_blank\"\u003emacOS\u003c/a\u003e, Linux).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"utilisation-de-httrack\"\u003eUtilisation de HTTrack\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/uEJgmOK0QbAsi=sFGFXgT_1sw1kr1w\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUne fois installé, voici comment utiliser HTTrack pour copier un site web :\u003c/p\u003e","title":"HTTrack"},{"content":"Introduction to EndNote: An Advanced Tool for Reference Management EndNote is a professional reference manager widely used in academic and industrial environments. It helps organize references, insert citations into documents, and create formatted bibliographies for academic publications.\nWhy Use EndNote? Powerful reference management: designed for large reference libraries. Flexible citation styles: supports thousands of citation styles and allows advanced customization. Integrated search: search for references directly in PubMed, Web of Science, and other databases. Synchronization and collaboration: share libraries with colleagues and sync data across devices. Key Features Advanced organization: sort references by groups, topics, or projects. Automated bibliography creation: generate bibliographies in different academic styles in one click. Citation management in documents: insert references directly while writing. Collaborative tools: share libraries with tailored permissions. Word and LaTeX integration: easily insert citations in Microsoft Word or export to BibTeX. Who Is It For? Researchers managing complex bibliographies in academic or industry projects. Students who need to produce citations and bibliographies quickly. Academic institutions that want a standardized approach to reference management. What This Guide Covers Adding and organizing references. Integration with Word and other software. Advanced features such as collaboration and annotation. Start with setting up EndNote.\n","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/endnote/introduction-endnote/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"introduction-to-endnote-an-advanced-tool-for-reference-management\"\u003eIntroduction to EndNote: An Advanced Tool for Reference Management\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEndNote is a professional reference manager widely used in academic and industrial environments. It helps organize references, insert citations into documents, and create formatted bibliographies for academic publications.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"why-use-endnote\"\u003eWhy Use EndNote?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePowerful reference management\u003c/strong\u003e: designed for large reference libraries.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFlexible citation styles\u003c/strong\u003e: supports thousands of citation styles and allows advanced customization.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntegrated search\u003c/strong\u003e: search for references directly in PubMed, Web of Science, and other databases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSynchronization and collaboration\u003c/strong\u003e: share libraries with colleagues and sync data across devices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"key-features\"\u003eKey Features\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAdvanced organization\u003c/strong\u003e: sort references by groups, topics, or projects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAutomated bibliography creation\u003c/strong\u003e: generate bibliographies in different academic styles in one click.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCitation management in documents\u003c/strong\u003e: insert references directly while writing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCollaborative tools\u003c/strong\u003e: share libraries with tailored permissions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWord and LaTeX integration\u003c/strong\u003e: easily insert citations in Microsoft Word or export to BibTeX.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"who-is-it-for\"\u003eWho Is It For?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearchers\u003c/strong\u003e managing complex bibliographies in academic or industry projects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStudents\u003c/strong\u003e who need to produce citations and bibliographies quickly.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcademic institutions\u003c/strong\u003e that want a standardized approach to reference management.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"what-this-guide-covers\"\u003eWhat This Guide Covers\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdding and organizing references.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration with Word and other software.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdvanced features such as collaboration and annotation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"/resources/bibliographie/endnote/setting-up-endnote/\"\u003eStart with setting up EndNote.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Introduction to EndNote"},{"content":"Introduction to JabRef: An Open-Source Solution for LaTeX and BibTeX JabRef is an open-source bibliography manager designed especially for LaTeX and BibTeX users. It offers an intuitive graphical interface that makes it easier to manage, edit, and organize bibliographies.\nWhy Use JabRef? Designed for LaTeX: ideal for researchers using BibTeX in academic writing. Open source and free: available to everyone at no cost. Customizable: lets users add specific fields to suit particular needs. Key Features Advanced BibTeX editor: create, edit, and manage BibTeX files with ease. Search and automatic import: import references from PubMed, Google Scholar, and other databases. Bibliography organization: classify references using keywords, groups, or projects. Duplicate detection: identify and manage duplicate entries efficiently. File management: attach PDF files to references for quick access. Who Is It For? Researchers using LaTeX who want to automate bibliography creation. Students who need to organize references for dissertations and theses. Teachers who want to centralize and manage references for teaching materials. What This Guide Covers Adding and editing BibTeX references. Organizing libraries and entries. Integration with LaTeX and advanced features. Start with setting up JabRef.\n","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/jabref/introduction-jabref/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"introduction-to-jabref-an-open-source-solution-for-latex-and-bibtex\"\u003eIntroduction to JabRef: An Open-Source Solution for LaTeX and BibTeX\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJabRef is an open-source bibliography manager designed especially for LaTeX and BibTeX users. It offers an intuitive graphical interface that makes it easier to manage, edit, and organize bibliographies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"why-use-jabref\"\u003eWhy Use JabRef?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDesigned for LaTeX\u003c/strong\u003e: ideal for researchers using BibTeX in academic writing.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOpen source and free\u003c/strong\u003e: available to everyone at no cost.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCustomizable\u003c/strong\u003e: lets users add specific fields to suit particular needs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"key-features\"\u003eKey Features\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAdvanced BibTeX editor\u003c/strong\u003e: create, edit, and manage BibTeX files with ease.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSearch and automatic import\u003c/strong\u003e: import references from PubMed, Google Scholar, and other databases.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBibliography organization\u003c/strong\u003e: classify references using keywords, groups, or projects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuplicate detection\u003c/strong\u003e: identify and manage duplicate entries efficiently.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFile management\u003c/strong\u003e: attach PDF files to references for quick access.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"who-is-it-for\"\u003eWho Is It For?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearchers using LaTeX\u003c/strong\u003e who want to automate bibliography creation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStudents\u003c/strong\u003e who need to organize references for dissertations and theses.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTeachers\u003c/strong\u003e who want to centralize and manage references for teaching materials.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"what-this-guide-covers\"\u003eWhat This Guide Covers\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdding and editing BibTeX references.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrganizing libraries and entries.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegration with LaTeX and advanced features.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"/resources/bibliographie/jabref/setting-up-jabref/\"\u003eStart with setting up JabRef.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Introduction to JabRef"},{"content":"Introduction to Mendeley: A Reference Management Tool for Researchers Mendeley is a reference management software widely used by students, researchers, and academics to organize references, annotate PDFs, collaborate with others, and generate citations and bibliographies.\nWhy Use Mendeley? Reference organization: store and structure your references in one place. PDF annotation: read, highlight, and annotate articles directly in the application. Citation support: insert references and generate bibliographies in common academic styles. Collaboration: share libraries with colleagues and work together on the same material. Main Features Library management: create collections and organize references by theme or project. PDF reading and annotation: attach files to entries and work directly from your library. Word integration: insert citations and automatically generate bibliographies. Syncing: access your library across devices when synchronization is enabled. Who Is It For? Students who are beginning to structure a dissertation or thesis bibliography. Researchers who need to organize a large number of references. Teaching staff who want to prepare and manage course-related references. Next Step The next page explains how to install and configure Mendeley so you can start using it effectively.\nContinue to Mendeley setup.\n","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/mendeley/introduction-mendeley/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"introduction-to-mendeley-a-reference-management-tool-for-researchers\"\u003eIntroduction to Mendeley: A Reference Management Tool for Researchers\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMendeley is a reference management software widely used by students, researchers, and academics to organize references, annotate PDFs, collaborate with others, and generate citations and bibliographies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"why-use-mendeley\"\u003eWhy Use Mendeley?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReference organization\u003c/strong\u003e: store and structure your references in one place.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePDF annotation\u003c/strong\u003e: read, highlight, and annotate articles directly in the application.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCitation support\u003c/strong\u003e: insert references and generate bibliographies in common academic styles.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCollaboration\u003c/strong\u003e: share libraries with colleagues and work together on the same material.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"main-features\"\u003eMain Features\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLibrary management\u003c/strong\u003e: create collections and organize references by theme or project.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePDF reading and annotation\u003c/strong\u003e: attach files to entries and work directly from your library.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWord integration\u003c/strong\u003e: insert citations and automatically generate bibliographies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSyncing\u003c/strong\u003e: access your library across devices when synchronization is enabled.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"who-is-it-for\"\u003eWho Is It For?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStudents\u003c/strong\u003e who are beginning to structure a dissertation or thesis bibliography.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearchers\u003c/strong\u003e who need to organize a large number of references.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTeaching staff\u003c/strong\u003e who want to prepare and manage course-related references.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"next-step\"\u003eNext Step\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe next page explains how to install and configure Mendeley so you can start using it effectively.\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Introduction to Mendeley"},{"content":"Introduction to Publish or Perish Publish or Perish (POP) is a software tool for researchers, academics, and students who want to analyze citations and evaluate the productivity and impact of an author or scientific publication. Using data from academic search engines such as Google Scholar, POP can collect information such as citation counts, the h-index, the g-index, and other bibliometric indicators.\nThis tool is particularly useful in contexts where paid databases such as Scopus or Web of Science are not available. It helps broaden access to bibliometric analysis that can support academic development.\nInstalling Publish or Perish Downloading the Software You can download Publish or Perish from its official website:\nOfficial Publish or Perish website\nOn Windows Download the installation file (.exe) from the official website. Click the downloaded file to start the installation. Follow the steps in the installation wizard. Once installation is complete, launch the software from the Start menu or the desktop shortcut. On macOS Download the macOS version from the official website. Open the downloaded .dmg file and drag the application into the Applications folder. Grant any necessary permissions when launching it for the first time. On Linux There is no official native version for Linux, but you may be able to use it through Wine:\nInstall Wine on your system. Download the Windows version of POP (.exe). Run the installer with Wine to use the software on Linux. Main Features of Publish or Perish Publication search: analyze publications by an author or on a specific topic. Citation analysis: calculate total citation counts and metrics such as the h-index. Bibliometric indicators: view a range of indicators useful for academic evaluation. Data export: export results for deeper analysis or report preparation. Why Use Publish or Perish? Free access: POP is a free tool, which is especially helpful where academic resources are limited. Ease of use: its interface is approachable and relatively easy to learn. Independence: it does not require a subscription to paid databases. ","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/pop/introduction-pop/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"introduction-to-publish-or-perish\"\u003eIntroduction to Publish or Perish\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePublish or Perish (POP) is a software tool for researchers, academics, and students who want to analyze citations and evaluate the productivity and impact of an author or scientific publication. Using data from academic search engines such as Google Scholar, POP can collect information such as citation counts, the \u003ca href=\"/resources/bibliographie/pop/indicateurs-pop/\"\u003eh-index\u003c/a\u003e, the \u003ca href=\"/resources/bibliographie/pop/indicateurs-pop/\"\u003eg-index\u003c/a\u003e, and other bibliometric indicators.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis tool is particularly useful in contexts where paid databases such as Scopus or Web of Science are not available. It helps broaden access to bibliometric analysis that can support academic development.\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Introduction to Publish or Perish"},{"content":"Copyright - this website\nLast updated: April 15, 2026.\nAll of the source code on this website is licensed under MIT.\nMIT License Copyright (c) 2020-2026 Mahamadou KANTE Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the \u0026#34;Software\u0026#34;), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \u0026#34;AS IS\u0026#34;, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. CC BY-SA 4.0 applies to original written content published under:\n/writing/ /questions/ /resources/ Read:\nCreative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International SPDX reference for CC-BY-SA-4.0 Unless stated otherwise, all rights are reserved for the remaining content, including photographs, project-specific materials, and publication metadata.\nOpinions expressed on this website are my own.\n","permalink":"/license/","summary":"Licensing terms for the code and original content published on this website.","title":"License"},{"content":"Lobstr Lobstr est un outil en ligne qui facilite l\u0026rsquo;extraction de données comme Octoparse sans nécessiter de compétences en programmation. Il est particulièrement utile pour les chercheurs, les analystes et toute personne souhaitant collecter des tweets sur des sujets spécifiques, des hashtags ou des comptes utilisateurs. En effet, même en mode gratuit, Lobstr nous permet d\u0026rsquo;extraire des données de X, bien que de manière limitée, évidemment !\nDescription de Lobstr 1. Facilité d\u0026rsquo;utilisation Interface intuitive : Lobstr propose une interface conviviale qui permet de configurer des requêtes de recherche Twitter sans effort. Pas de codage requis : aucune compétence en programmation n\u0026rsquo;est nécessaire pour utiliser cet outil. 2. Collecte de données depuis Twitter En commençant par les modules de scraping pour X (Twitter), Lobstr propose 3 scrapers pour extraire des données des profils Twitter, des tweets des utilisateurs et même des tendances Twitter et des résultats de recherche d\u0026rsquo;un hashtag par exemple.\nAvec plus de 420 millions d\u0026rsquo;utilisateurs actifs par mois, X est l\u0026rsquo;une des plateformes de médias sociaux les plus engageantes. L\u0026rsquo;extraction des données Twitter peut aider à :\nSpécialistes du marketing : suivre les mentions de marque, les performances des campagnes et analysez le sentiment autour de vos produits ou services. Chercheurs : étudier l\u0026rsquo;opinion publique, suivez les mouvements sociaux et analysez les tendances linguistiques sur Twitter. Entreprises : identifier les prospects potentiels, recueillez les commentaires des clients et améliorez le service client global. Analyse concurrentielle : surveiller ce que les gens disent des produits, des services et de l\u0026rsquo;image de marque globale de vos concurrents. Formation de modèles d\u0026rsquo;apprentissage automatique : entraîner divers modèles d\u0026rsquo;apprentissage automatique tels que des classificateurs d\u0026rsquo;analyse des sentiments, des algorithmes de modélisation de sujets, etc. Comment extraire les résultats de recherche Twitter sans coder La meilleure façon (simple) d’extraire les données Twitter est d’utiliser des outils sans code. C’est ce que nous allons faire. Nous utiliserons Twitter Search Results Scraper de lobstr, le meilleur scraper Twitter sans code du marché \u0026ndash; pour le moment!\nLobster offre, contrairement à la plupart de ses concurrents, la possibilité d\u0026rsquo;utiliser ses services gratuitement, bien que de manière limitée évidemment, jusqu\u0026rsquo;à 15 minutes toutes les 24 heures pour une tâche ou un squid.\n3. Exportation des données Formats disponibles : exportez les données collectées en formats CSV ou Excel pour une analyse ultérieure. Compatibilité : les fichiers exportés peuvent être utilisés avec des outils comme Excel, Google Sheets, ou des logiciels d\u0026rsquo;analyse statistique. Guide étape par étape pour extraire les résultats de recherche Twitter à l\u0026rsquo;aide de Lobstr.io Accéder à Lobster\nRendez-vous sur le site officiel de Lobster : Lobster. Créer un compte\nInscrivez-vous pour créer un compte gratuit si nécessaire. Obtenir l\u0026rsquo;URL de recherche Twitter\nLa première étape consiste à obtenir l\u0026rsquo;URL de recherche sur Twitter.\nAvec Lobstr, vous pouvez extraire les tweets les plus populaires et les plus récents de n\u0026rsquo;importe quelle tendance ou requête de recherche en copiant et collant simplement l\u0026rsquo;URL de recherche.\nNous allons extraire les tweets les plus populaires sur #AES publiés entre le 01 Janvier et le 31 Aout 2024 en langue francaise. Utilisons la recherche avancée de Twitter pour ajouter une plage de dates.\nLien : https://x.com/searchf=live\u0026q=(%23AES)%20lang%3Afr%20until%3A2024-08-31%20since%3A2024-01-01\u0026src=typed_query\nCréer un \u0026ldquo;Squid\u0026rdquo; et synchroniser votre compte Twitter Accédez à votre tableau de bord lobstr.io. Une fois connecté, cliquez sur le bouton \u0026ldquo;create a new Squid\u0026rdquo; et recherchez « Twitter ».\nvous verrez une nouvelle fenêtre contextuelle vous demandant de synchroniser un compte Twitter.\nL\u0026#39;année dernière, X a décidé de cacher les tweets derrière la connexion pour empêcher l\u0026#39;extraction de données par l\u0026#39;IA. Vous ne pouvez accéder aux données des tweets que si vous êtes connecté. C\u0026#39;est pourquoi Lobstr a besoin que vous synchronisiez votre compte Pour synchroniser votre compte Twitter, il vous suffit d\u0026rsquo;installer l\u0026rsquo;extension Chrome de synchronisation de compte Lobstr. Aucune information de connexion n\u0026rsquo;est requise, totalement sécurisé.\nUne fois l\u0026rsquo;extension Chrome installé, cliquez sur Yes I want to sync, et vous êtes prêt!\nAjouter des tâches Cette étape est très simple. Collez simplement l\u0026rsquo;URL de recherche Twitter que vous avez copiée à l\u0026rsquo;étape 3 et cliquez sur Add+ Après avoir ajouté des tâches, cliquez sur \u0026ldquo;Save\u0026rdquo; et vous verrez le menu des paramètres.\nAjuster le comportement du squid Dans les paramètres de base, vous pouvez choisir le nombre de tweets à extraire par tâche. Vous souhaitez extraire tous les tweets Laissez-le simplement vide. Vous n\u0026rsquo;avez besoin que de 10 tweets, définissez donc Max Results sur 10.\nNotez que, dans la version gratuite, lobstr vous permet d\u0026rsquo;exporter jusqu\u0026rsquo;à 30 tweets, choisissons donc 25 pour notre exemple. C\u0026rsquo;est déjà énorme, car tout autre service nécessiterait un abonnement initial pour extraire un tweet, car X leur facture bien sûr des accès API.\nSi vous souhaitez collecter de nouveaux tweets à chaque exécution du scraper, sélectionnez la première option.\nSi vous avez besoin de tous les tweets disponibles sur une requête/tendance de recherche, sélectionnez la deuxième option. Elle est idéale pour récupérer les tweets publiés dans des plages de dates spécifiques.\nAprès avoir ajusté le comportement du squid, cliquez sur Save pour passer aux notifications.\nLancement Pour une collecte de données instantanée, vous pouvez lancer le scraper manuellement. Cliquez simplement sur le bouton \u0026ldquo;Save \u0026amp; Extract\u0026rdquo; et votre collecte de données commencera.\nMais que faire si je souhaite surveiller une tendance en continu et collecter de nouveaux tweets chaque semaine ou chaque jour C\u0026rsquo;est là que la fonction de planification entre en jeu.\nVous pouvez programmer l\u0026rsquo;extraction des résultats de recherche Twitter pour qu\u0026rsquo;elle s\u0026rsquo;exécute automatiquement et de manière répétée à l\u0026rsquo;heure et à la date de votre choix. Que ce soit toutes les heures, tous les jours, toutes les semaines ou tous les mois.\nPour notre exemple, nous allons opter pour une extraction manuelle pour obtenir instantanément nos données. Veuillez continuer\u0026hellip;\nImpressionnant! Nous avons collecté en 17 secondes 25 tweets les plus populaires avec 25 attributs de données, de #AES, filtrés par plage de dates!\nProfiter\nUne fois la collecte terminée, accédez à vos résultats. Vous pouvez afficher les résultats dans le tableau de bord ou les télécharger sous forme de fichier csv.\nPoints forts de Lobster Simplicité : interface utilisateur facile à prendre en main, adaptée aux débutants. Efficacité : rapide dans la collecte de données pertinentes depuis Twitter. Flexibilité : permet de définir des critères de recherche précis pour une collecte ciblée. Accessibilité : aucune programmation ni abonnement payant requis pour les fonctionnalités de base. Conclusion Lobster est un excellent outil pour collecter des données depuis Twitter sans avoir besoin de compétences en programmation ni d\u0026rsquo;abonnement payant. Il simplifie le processus de collecte et d\u0026rsquo;exportation des données, permettant aux utilisateurs de se concentrer sur l\u0026rsquo;analyse.\n","permalink":"/resources/workshop/module1-introduction/lobstr/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"lobstr\"\u003eLobstr\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLobstr\u003c/strong\u003e est un outil en ligne qui facilite l\u0026rsquo;extraction de données comme Octoparse sans nécessiter de compétences en programmation. Il est particulièrement utile pour les chercheurs, les analystes et toute personne souhaitant collecter des \u003cstrong\u003etweets\u003c/strong\u003e sur des sujets spécifiques, des hashtags ou des comptes utilisateurs. En effet, même en mode gratuit, Lobstr nous permet d\u0026rsquo;extraire des données de X, bien que de manière limitée, évidemment !\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"description-de-lobstr\"\u003eDescription de Lobstr\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"1-facilité-d\"\u003e1. \u003cstrong\u003eFacilité d\u0026rsquo;utilisation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInterface intuitive\u003c/strong\u003e : Lobstr propose une interface conviviale qui permet de configurer des requêtes de recherche Twitter sans effort.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePas de codage requis\u003c/strong\u003e : aucune compétence en programmation n\u0026rsquo;est nécessaire pour utiliser cet outil.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"2-collecte-de-données-depuis-twitter\"\u003e2. \u003cstrong\u003eCollecte de données depuis Twitter\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEn commençant par les modules de scraping pour X (Twitter), Lobstr propose 3 scrapers pour extraire des données des \u003cstrong\u003eprofils Twitter\u003c/strong\u003e, des \u003cstrong\u003etweets des utilisateurs\u003c/strong\u003e et même des \u003cstrong\u003etendances Twitter et des résultats de recherche d\u0026rsquo;un hashtag par exemple\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Lobstr"},{"content":"This project brings together initiatives connected to conference organization, research networks, and academic capacity-building activities.\nIt includes work around MANSA 2024 as well as later workshop and symposium activities that connect research, training, and collaborative exchange in the region.\nMANSA 2024 One of my central collaborative roles was serving as secretary for the 12th conference of the Mande Studies Association (MANSA), held at the Institut des Sciences Humaines in Mali. The event brought together scholars, researchers, and practitioners from different parts of the world around questions of knowledge, region, and decolonisation.\nAs secretary, my role included coordinating communication with participants, managing organisational follow-up, supporting the schedule, and helping maintain the practical flow of the conference before, during, and after the event.\nResponsibilities Coordinating submissions and conference communications. Supporting planning and liaison with the organising committee. Helping manage on-site logistics and session flow. Contributing to post-conference reporting and documentation. Broader significance This work deepened my experience in academic coordination, collaborative organisation, and capacity-building. It also connects directly to later workshop and symposium activities in Bamako and Ouagadougou, which continue that same strand of regional academic engagement.\nRelated writing Building research capacity: highlights from Bamako\u0026rsquo;s second International Workshop My experience as a trainer at the International workshop in Ouagadougou Journals and publishing venues in Mali in the era of the digital revolution? ","permalink":"/projects/mansa-2024/","summary":"Selected conference, workshop, and research-capacity initiatives connected to MANSA 2024 and related academic events.","title":"MANSA 2024 and Related Initiatives"},{"content":"This project investigates the effects of mobile money in low- and middle-income countries through a stakeholder perspective, with particular attention to Orange Money in Mali.\nThe study examines how users, financial institutions, mobile operators, and regulators engage with mobile-money systems, and how their distinct motivations and constraints shape adoption and use.\nThe work draws on stakeholder theory, diffusion of innovation, and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology in order to better understand the ecosystem around mobile-money services. Its broader purpose is to clarify how different actors experience digital financial systems and what that means for inclusion, trust, and implementation.\nThis is an unfunded project, but it resulted in a peer-reviewed publication that contributes to the discussion on ICT4D, digital inclusion, and technology adoption in African contexts.\nRelated work A stakeholder\u0026rsquo;s analysis of the effect of mobile money in developing countries ","permalink":"/projects/m-wallet-in-lmics/","summary":"A stakeholder-oriented research project on mobile money adoption, challenges, and effects in Mali.","title":"Mobile Money in Low- and Middle-Income Countries"},{"content":"No-Code Scraping Tools In this first section, we explore different graphical tools that let you scrape data without writing a single line of code. These tools are designed to extract information from websites and online platforms.\nTools Presented in This Section 1. HTTrack Description: HTTrack is a free and open-source tool that lets you copy websites for offline browsing. It is often used to extract the content of web pages. Use: we look at how to use HTTrack to clone websites and extract specific information without touching a line of code. Strengths: easy to use; intuitive graphical interface; available in French. 2. Web Scraper (Chrome Extension) Description: Web Scraper is a browser extension that lets you scrape data directly from web pages through a simple interface. Use: you will learn how to configure and use Web Scraper to extract structured data such as tables or lists from websites. Strengths: easy to install; direct integration with Chrome; easy export to CSV or JSON. 3. Octoparse Description: Octoparse is a no-code data scraping tool that extracts information from websites through a graphical interface. It is well suited to non-technical users and can scrape both static and dynamic data, including content loaded with JavaScript. Strengths: no-code interface; support for dynamic websites; multilingual interface; free plan with basic features; easy export to CSV, JSON, and Excel. 4. Lobstr Description: an online tool that simplifies data extraction, much like Octoparse, without requiring programming skills. It is especially useful for researchers, analysts, and anyone wanting to collect tweets about specific topics, hashtags, or user accounts. Strengths: no-code interface; support for dynamic websites; free plan with basic features; export to CSV, JSON, and Excel. 5. Scrapy-GUI Description: Scrapy-GUI is a graphical interface for the Scrapy framework, making it possible to scrape data without writing code. It simplifies the creation of spiders and the extraction of data from websites for non-technical users. Strengths: intuitive interface; uses the power of Scrapy for more complex sites; open source and customizable. Concepts Covered Scraping ethics: it is important to respect website terms of use and privacy policies when scraping. We discuss recommended practices and legal limits. Limits of no-code scraping: although these tools are powerful, they also have limits, especially in terms of flexibility and handling dynamic websites. For anyone who wants to go further, this space also includes a module on learning programming and discovering programming languages, designed to remain accessible to non-specialists and beginners.\nHands-on Exercises We focus on the practical use of these tools. Each exercise comes with a detailed guide to help you understand the steps and use the tools effectively. Browse the parts in whichever order you prefer.\n","permalink":"/resources/workshop/module1-introduction/outils-sans-codage/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"no-code-scraping-tools\"\u003eNo-Code Scraping Tools\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this first section, we explore different graphical tools that let you scrape data without writing a single line of code. These tools are designed to extract information from websites and online platforms.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"tools-presented-in-this-section\"\u003eTools Presented in This Section\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"1-httrack\"\u003e1. \u003cstrong\u003eHTTrack\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c/strong\u003e: HTTrack is a free and open-source tool that lets you copy websites for offline browsing. It is often used to extract the content of web pages.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse\u003c/strong\u003e: we look at how to use HTTrack to clone websites and extract specific information without touching a line of code.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStrengths\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eeasy to use;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eintuitive graphical interface;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eavailable in French.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"2-web-scraper-chrome-extension\"\u003e2. \u003cstrong\u003eWeb Scraper (Chrome Extension)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c/strong\u003e: Web Scraper is a browser extension that lets you scrape data directly from web pages through a simple interface.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse\u003c/strong\u003e: you will learn how to configure and use Web Scraper to extract structured data such as tables or lists from websites.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStrengths\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eeasy to install;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edirect integration with Chrome;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eeasy export to CSV or JSON.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"3-octoparse\"\u003e3. \u003cstrong\u003eOctoparse\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c/strong\u003e: Octoparse is a no-code data scraping tool that extracts information from websites through a graphical interface. It is well suited to non-technical users and can scrape both static and dynamic data, including content loaded with JavaScript.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStrengths\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eno-code interface;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esupport for dynamic websites;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003emultilingual interface;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efree plan with basic features;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eeasy export to CSV, JSON, and Excel.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"4-lobstr\"\u003e4. \u003cstrong\u003eLobstr\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c/strong\u003e: an online tool that simplifies data extraction, much like \u003ca href=\"#3-octoparse\"\u003eOctoparse\u003c/a\u003e, without requiring programming skills. It is especially useful for researchers, analysts, and anyone wanting to collect tweets about specific topics, hashtags, or user accounts.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStrengths\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eno-code interface;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003esupport for dynamic websites;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efree plan with basic features;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eexport to CSV, JSON, and Excel.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"5-scrapy-gui\"\u003e5. \u003cstrong\u003eScrapy-GUI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c/strong\u003e: Scrapy-GUI is a graphical interface for the Scrapy framework, making it possible to scrape data without writing code. It simplifies the creation of spiders and the extraction of data from websites for non-technical users.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStrengths\u003c/strong\u003e:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eintuitive interface;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003euses the power of \u003cstrong\u003eScrapy\u003c/strong\u003e for more complex sites;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eopen source and customizable.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"concepts-covered\"\u003eConcepts Covered\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eScraping ethics\u003c/strong\u003e: it is important to respect website terms of use and privacy policies when scraping. We discuss recommended practices and legal limits.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLimits of no-code scraping\u003c/strong\u003e: although these tools are powerful, they also have limits, especially in terms of flexibility and handling dynamic websites.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFor anyone who wants to go further, this space also includes a module on \u003ca href=\"/resources/programming/\"\u003elearning programming\u003c/a\u003e and discovering programming languages, designed to remain accessible to non-specialists and beginners.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"No-Code Tools"},{"content":"Octoparse Octoparse est une solution puissante et sans code pour le scraping de données. Il permet de configurer des projets de scraping de manière visuelle, sans avoir à coder. Octoparse est disponible en plusieurs langues, dont le français, et offre des fonctionnalités avancées telles que le scraping de sites dynamiques, la gestion de la pagination, et l\u0026rsquo;exportation de données au format CSV ou JSON.\nInstallation et inscription Étapes d\u0026rsquo;installation : Inscription : Rendez-vous sur le site Octoparse et créez un compte gratuit. L\u0026rsquo;interface est disponible en français, facilitant la prise en main. Télécharger Octoparse :\nOctoparse propose une application de bureau pour Windows et macOS. Téléchargez et installez l\u0026rsquo;application sur votre ordinateur. Octoparse, en plus d\u0026rsquo;offrir une version gratuite avec des fonctionnalités \u0026ldquo;acceptables\u0026rdquo; propose des réductions pour les étudiants, chercheurs, et organisations à but non lucratif. Ils accordent notamment une remise de 15 % sur le plan mensuel, 20 % sur le plan trimestriel, et 30 % sur le plan annuel pour les utilisateurs du secteur éducatif.\nDe plus, vous pouvez bénéficier d\u0026rsquo;une réduction allant jusqu\u0026rsquo;à 50 % si vous acceptez de mentionner le logiciel Octoparse dans votre article.\nLire ici pour en savoir plus sur les reductions\nUtilisation Octoparse propose une large gamme de tutoriels ainsi qu\u0026rsquo;un guide complet pour débutants, disponibles gratuitement en consultation\nBienvenue sur Octoparse! Découvrir Octoparse Démarrer par l\u0026rsquo;auto-détection Optimiser votre tâche Affiner les données Tester votre tâche Récupérer les données Planifier des exécution régulières Allez-y! Créez votre première tâche! Exercice pratique Objectif Utiliser Octoparse pour extraire des titres et des dates d\u0026rsquo;un site d\u0026rsquo;actualités.\nÉtapes Installer Octoparse et créer un compte gratuit. entrer l\u0026rsquo;URL du site à scraper : https://burkina24.com/category/actualite/politique/#google_vignette Sélection des éléments : veuillez patienter pendant le chargement et permettre à Octoparse d\u0026rsquo;effectuer l\u0026rsquo;auto-détection Créez le flux de travail en cliquant sur le bouton. En attendant, pour fermer les fenêtres publicitaires ou autres pop-ups, activez temporairement la navigation 4. Configurer la pagination pour extraire plusieurs pages.\nUne fois les tests effectués (pagination, liens, etc.), vous avez la possibilité de modifier les noms des champs. Pour cet exercice, nous limiterons le nombre de répétitions de la boucle à 10.\nLancer le scraping et collecter les données. Exporter les données au format CSV Vérifier les données dans un tableur. Conclusion Maintenant que vous maîtrisez les bases, explorez les différents modèles prêts à l\u0026rsquo;emploi et testez-les en fonction de vos besoins. Octoparse est une alternative puissante et facile à utiliser. Il dispose de modèles préconfigurés capables d\u0026rsquo;extraire des données de presque tous les sites web (généralement dans les versions payantes), allant de Twitter à YouTube, Amazon, et même TikTok, entre autres. Cependant, gardez à l\u0026rsquo;esprit que l\u0026rsquo;accès à certains d\u0026rsquo;entre eux est réservé aux utilisateurs premium, car les API des plateformes, où les données doivent être récupérées, ne sont pas gratuites. Par exemple, avant l\u0026rsquo;ère Elon Musk, Twitter offrait un accès public relativement large, mais ce n\u0026rsquo;est plus le cas et l\u0026rsquo;accès à l\u0026rsquo;API est désormais très coûteux. Avec son interface graphique intuitive et sa prise en charge du scraping de sites dynamiques, il s\u0026rsquo;agit d\u0026rsquo;une excellente option pour les utilisateurs sans expérience en programmation.\n","permalink":"/resources/workshop/module1-introduction/octoparse/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"octoparse\"\u003eOctoparse\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOctoparse\u003c/strong\u003e est une solution puissante et sans code pour le scraping de données. Il permet de configurer des projets de scraping de manière visuelle, sans avoir à coder. Octoparse est disponible en plusieurs langues, dont le français, et offre des fonctionnalités avancées telles que le scraping de sites dynamiques, la gestion de la pagination, et l\u0026rsquo;exportation de données au format CSV ou JSON.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"installation-et-inscription\"\u003eInstallation et inscription\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"étapes-dinstallation-\"\u003eÉtapes d\u0026rsquo;installation :\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInscription\u003c/strong\u003e :\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRendez-vous sur le site \u003ca href=\"https://www.octoparse.fr\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eOctoparse\u003c/a\u003e et créez un compte gratuit.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eL\u0026rsquo;interface est disponible en français, facilitant la prise en main.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"Octoparse\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"../../assets/images/workshop/octoparse1.png\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Octoparse"},{"content":"Online Courses Online courses are an increasingly common way for universities and professionals to teach programming and computer science in a structured format. New courses appear all the time, so it is useful to revisit these resources regularly.\nCodecademy: offers free online courses in several languages. It often focuses on basic syntax, so you may want to combine it with additional tutorials afterward. It mainly emphasizes web development, Ruby, and Python. OpenClassrooms: offers free and paid online courses in a range of subjects and programming languages. Coursera: offers online courses from many well-known universities across a wide range of fields. Udacity: offers computer science courses taught by industry experts, with both free courses and paid programs. edX: a joint effort by MIT, Harvard, and Berkeley to provide free online versions of some of their courses. OpenCulture: collects free lecture-based resources, often available through iTunes or YouTube. MIT OpenCourseWare: provides course materials taught at MIT. Much of the content is rigorous and fast-paced. Khan Academy: contains introductory resources on programming and computer science, along with many other subjects. Stanford Engineering Everywhere: offers static course materials taught at Stanford. The following websites also offer a wide variety of tutorials, but usually require payment or registration:\nTeam Treehouse: focused on web and iOS development. Lynda: includes courses in design, animation, video, business, and more. PluralSight: similar to Lynda, but with a stronger focus on developers and IT courses. General Assembly: also offers courses in design, business, media, and technology. In general, edX, OpenCulture, MIT OpenCourseWare, and Stanford Engineering Everywhere tend to offer more rigorous and demanding courses, while Codecademy and Khan Academy provide a gentler introduction. Coursera, Udacity, and OpenClassrooms usually sit somewhere in between.\n","permalink":"/resources/programming/ressources/cours-en-ligne/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"online-courses\"\u003eOnline Courses\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnline courses are an increasingly common way for universities and professionals to teach programming and computer science in a structured format. New courses appear all the time, so it is useful to revisit these resources regularly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.codecademy.com/fr\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCodecademy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e: offers free online courses in several languages. It often focuses on basic syntax, so you may want to combine it with additional tutorials afterward. It mainly emphasizes web development, Ruby, and Python.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.openclassroom.com/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eOpenClassrooms\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e: offers free and paid online courses in a range of subjects and programming languages.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.coursera.org/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCoursera\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e: offers online courses from many well-known universities across a wide range of fields.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.udacity.com/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eUdacity\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e: offers computer science courses taught by industry experts, with both free courses and paid programs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.edx.org/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eedX\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e: a joint effort by MIT, Harvard, and Berkeley to provide free online versions of some of their courses.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.openculture.com/computer_science_free_courses\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eOpenCulture\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e: collects free lecture-based resources, often available through iTunes or YouTube.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://ocw.mit.edu/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMIT OpenCourseWare\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e: provides course materials taught at MIT. Much of the content is rigorous and fast-paced.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.khanacademy.org/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eKhan Academy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e: contains introductory resources on programming and computer science, along with many other subjects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://see.stanford.edu/see/courses.aspx\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eStanford Engineering Everywhere\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e: offers static course materials taught at Stanford.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following websites also offer a wide variety of tutorials, but usually require payment or registration:\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Online Courses"},{"content":"Organizing Your References in Zotero Create Libraries and Collections Create collections to organize your references by project or theme. Add subcollections for a clearer structure. Use Tags and Keywords Add tags to categorize your references. Filter your references quickly with keywords. Manage Duplicates Use the \u0026ldquo;Duplicate Items\u0026rdquo; option to identify and merge duplicate entries. Search and Filter References Use the search bar to find specific references. Apply filters to sort and refine your data. Cite your sources here.\n","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/zotero/organising-references/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"organizing-your-references-in-zotero\"\u003eOrganizing Your References in Zotero\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"create-libraries-and-collections\"\u003eCreate Libraries and Collections\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCreate collections to organize your references by project or theme.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdd subcollections for a clearer structure.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"use-tags-and-keywords\"\u003eUse Tags and Keywords\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdd tags to categorize your references.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFilter your references quickly with keywords.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"manage-duplicates\"\u003eManage Duplicates\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse the \u0026ldquo;Duplicate Items\u0026rdquo; option to identify and merge duplicate entries.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"search-and-filter-references\"\u003eSearch and Filter References\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse the search bar to find specific references.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApply filters to sort and refine your data.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"/resources/bibliographie/zotero/citing-sources/\"\u003eCite your sources here.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Organizing Your References in Zotero"},{"content":"Other Resources You can find a large list of free programming books and resources on GitHub.\nYou can also browse a meta resource aggregator here: http://resrc.io/\n","permalink":"/resources/programming/ressources/autres/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"other-resources\"\u003eOther Resources\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can find a large \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/vhf/free-programming-books/blob/master/free-programming-books.md\" target=\"_blank\"\u003elist of free programming books and resources on GitHub\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can also browse a meta resource aggregator here: \u003ca href=\"http://resrc.io/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://resrc.io/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Other Resources"},{"content":"","permalink":"/resources/programming/autres/autres/","summary":"","title":"Other Topics"},{"content":"This project centers on the use of partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) in privacy, disclosure, and behavioral information security research.\nIts main contribution is methodological: clarifying how PLS-SEM has been used, where its strengths lie, and how it can be applied more rigorously in studies of privacy and self-disclosure on social network sites.\nThe underlying review was conducted as a systematic study of published work between 2006 and 2022, drawing on sources such as Google Scholar, the AIS eLibrary, IEEE Xplore, and ScienceDirect. It followed PRISMA-oriented review principles and examined issues such as data characteristics, reasons for choosing PLS-SEM, model-measurement assessment, structural-model evaluation, and reporting practice.\nThe project was developed to address a methodological gap: PLS-SEM was widely used in information-systems research, but clear guidance for its use in privacy and disclosure studies remained limited. This work therefore also supports the broader BIS and self-disclosure agenda represented elsewhere on the site.\nRelated work Use of partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) in privacy and disclosure research on social network sites Basic concepts of PLS-SEM? ","permalink":"/projects/pls-sem-in-privacy-studies/","summary":"A methodological project on the use of PLS-SEM in privacy, disclosure, and behavioral information security research.","title":"PLS-SEM in Privacy Studies"},{"content":"Privacy Policy - this website\nLast updated: April 15, 2026.\nThis website is an independent personal website owned by Dr Mahamadou KANTE and is not part of any company or organisation.\nI do not sell personal information. Any data collected through this website is limited to what is necessary for basic functionality, security, diagnostics, and maintenance.\nThis website currently does not use a third-party analytics platform or a public comment system. If that changes, this page will be updated accordingly.\nLike most websites, the hosting environment may process limited technical information such as IP address, browser type, requested pages, and timestamps for security, debugging, and performance purposes.\nThis website contains links to external websites and services. If you follow those links, you should consult their own privacy policies, as this policy applies only to this website.\nUpdates This privacy policy may be updated from time to time without prior notice.\n","permalink":"/privacy/","summary":"Privacy policy for this website.","title":"Privacy Policy"},{"content":"","permalink":"/resources/programming/langages/langages/","summary":"","title":"Programming Languages"},{"content":"PROTECT is a multidisciplinary initiative designed to respond to vulnerability and strengthen the protection of populations living in complex social, political, and environmental contexts.\nThe project brings together humanitarian action, development work, and disaster-risk management in order to build a more integrated framework for population protection. It is supported by international partners, including Swiss Cooperation, USAID, and Dutch Cooperation, and works in dialogue with local governments, civil society, and academic institutions.\nCentre of competence The Centre of Competence is the operational and research hub that supports PROTECT. Its role is to consolidate, coordinate, and circulate knowledge so that the project can be implemented effectively and adapted across different regions.\nMy role As Head of Research and Knowledge Management within the Centre of Competence, my work includes:\nLeading research initiatives that strengthen the integration of protection strategies in humanitarian and development contexts. Supporting knowledge dissemination through publications, workshops, and conference participation. Contributing to capacity-building through training modules and practical learning formats. Collaborating with national and international partners to align protection goals with broader standards and practices. Project direction This work extends my broader interest in how research, knowledge infrastructures, and institutional collaboration can support vulnerable populations in challenging settings. PROTECT adds a strong humanitarian and resilience-oriented dimension to that agenda.\n","permalink":"/projects/protect/","summary":"A multidisciplinary protection initiative focused on vulnerable populations in complex social, political, and environmental contexts.","title":"PROTECT"},{"content":"Scrapy-GUI Scrapy-GUI est une interface graphique pour le célèbre framework Scrapy, permettant de créer des spiders et de scraper des données sans écrire de code. Il rend l\u0026rsquo;utilisation de Scrapy accessible aux utilisateurs non techniques via une interface visuelle.\nInstallation de Scrapy-GUI Étapes d\u0026rsquo;installation : Assurez-vous d\u0026rsquo;avoir Python installé sur votre machine. Download ici. Installez Scrapy-GUI via pip en exécutant la commande suivante : pip install scrapy-GUI Une fois installé, lancez l\u0026rsquo;application avec la commande suivante : scrapy-gui ou scrapy_gui.open_browser() Cela ouvrira l\u0026rsquo;interface graphique de Scrapy où vous pourrez configurer vos projets de scraping.\nUtilisation de Scrapy-GUI Étape 1 : Onglet \u0026ldquo;Browser\u0026rdquo; Après avoir ouvert l\u0026rsquo;interface Entrez l\u0026rsquo;URL du site web que vous souhaitez scraper Étape 2 : Onglet \u0026ldquo;Tools\u0026rdquo; \u0026ndash; Définir les éléments à scraper L\u0026rsquo;onglet Outils contient différentes sections permettant d\u0026rsquo;analyser le contenu de la page. Le but de cet onglet est de faciliter le test des requêtes et du code à utiliser dans un scrapy spider. Par exemple, pour obtenir les auteurs des articles de la section politique, nous pouvons utiliser la requête suivante (voir image) Conclusion Comme vous l’aurez compris, cet outil nécessite un minimum de compétences techniques, mais il est important de le connaître au cas où il serait nécessaire. Pour approfondir, consultez ce tutoriel.\n","permalink":"/resources/workshop/module1-introduction/scrapy-gui/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"scrapy-gui\"\u003eScrapy-GUI\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eScrapy-GUI\u003c/strong\u003e est une interface graphique pour le célèbre framework Scrapy, permettant de créer des spiders et de scraper des données sans écrire de code. Il rend l\u0026rsquo;utilisation de Scrapy accessible aux utilisateurs non techniques via une interface visuelle.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"installation-de-scrapy-gui\"\u003eInstallation de Scrapy-GUI\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"étapes-dinstallation-\"\u003eÉtapes d\u0026rsquo;installation :\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAssurez-vous d\u0026rsquo;avoir \u003ca href=\"https://etudestech.com/decryptage/comment-installer-python/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePython\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/a\u003e installé sur votre machine. \u003ca href=\"https://www.python.org/downloads/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eDownload ici\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstallez \u003cstrong\u003eScrapy-GUI\u003c/strong\u003e via pip en exécutant la commande suivante :\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" style=\"background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"display:flex;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e    pip install scrapy-GUI\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"Web scraper\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"../../assets/images/workshop/sgui1.png\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col start=\"3\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUne fois installé, lancez l\u0026rsquo;application avec la commande suivante :\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight\"\u003e\u003cpre tabindex=\"0\" style=\"background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;\"\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-bash\" data-lang=\"bash\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"display:flex;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e    scrapy-gui \n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"display:flex;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e    ou \n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"display:flex;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e    scrapy_gui.open_browser()\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"Web scraper\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"../../assets/images/workshop/sgui2.png\"\u003e\nCela ouvrira l\u0026rsquo;interface graphique de Scrapy où vous pourrez configurer vos projets de scraping.\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Scrapy-GUI"},{"content":"","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/endnote/setting-up-endnote/","summary":"","title":"Setting Up EndNote"},{"content":"","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/jabref/setting-up-jabref/","summary":"","title":"Setting Up JabRef"},{"content":"","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/mendeley/setting-up-mendeley/","summary":"","title":"Setting Up Mendeley"},{"content":"Setting Up Zotero Install Zotero Download the Zotero application from the official website: zotero.org. Install the browser extension so you can capture references in one click.\nCreate a Zotero Account Go to zotero.org and create a free account. Connect your account inside the Zotero application to synchronize your data. Configure Zotero Language: set Zotero to the language of your choice. Citation styles: add the styles you need, such as APA or MLA. Synchronization: enable syncing so you can access your references across several devices. Explore how to add references here.\n","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/zotero/setting-up-zotero/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"setting-up-zotero\"\u003eSetting Up Zotero\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"install-zotero\"\u003eInstall Zotero\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDownload the Zotero application from the official website: \u003ca href=\"https://www.zotero.org\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ezotero.org\u003c/a\u003e.\n\u003cimg alt=\"Z\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/assets/images/references/zotero/4.png\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInstall the \u003ca href=\"https://www.zotero.org/download/connectors\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ebrowser extension\u003c/a\u003e so you can capture references in one click.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"Z\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/assets/images/references/zotero/2.png\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"create-a-zotero-account\"\u003eCreate a Zotero Account\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGo to \u003ca href=\"https://www.zotero.org\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ezotero.org\u003c/a\u003e and create a free account.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConnect your account inside the Zotero application to synchronize your data.\n\u003cimg alt=\"Z\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/assets/images/references/zotero/3.png\"\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"configure-zotero\"\u003eConfigure Zotero\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLanguage\u003c/strong\u003e: set Zotero to the language of your choice.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCitation styles\u003c/strong\u003e: add the styles you need, such as APA or MLA.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSynchronization\u003c/strong\u003e: enable syncing so you can access your references across several devices.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"Z\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/assets/images/references/zotero/1.png\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Setting Up Zotero"},{"content":"My teaching covers computing, information systems, data representation, digital methods, and research-oriented technical training. Across these settings, I aim to make demanding concepts usable for students and researchers coming from different backgrounds.\nThe work spans both foundational and advanced topics: programming with Python, PHP, and C++, database management, XML, natural language processing, information systems, and broader introductions to computing. The emphasis is usually practical, but always tied to conceptual understanding and methodological clarity.\nInstitutions served The institutions below represent places where I have taught, trained, or contributed pedagogically in recent years.\nTeaching orientation Practical programming and digital methods for students and researchers. Information systems and database management with attention to real-world use. Data representation, XML, and text-oriented computing. Workshop-based teaching that connects tools, methods, and research practice. Current direction Teaching is closely connected to my research, methodological work, and workshop practice. This page brings those strands together through course themes, institutional engagements, and training-oriented activity.\n","permalink":"/projects/teaching/","summary":"Teaching experience, institutions served, course themes, and workshop-oriented educational work.","title":"Teaching"},{"content":"","permalink":"/resources/programming/outils/outils/","summary":"","title":"Tools"},{"content":"Outils pour l\u0026rsquo;analyse textuelle sans codage Orange Data Mining Présentation : Orange est une suite logicielle open-source d\u0026rsquo;analyse de données qui propose des widgets pour le machine learning et la visualisation. Fonctionnalités pour le texte : Prétraitement du texte. Visualisation des données textuelles. Modélisation de sujets. Analyse de sentiment. Avantages : Interface glisser-déposer. Pas besoin de programmation. Communauté active et nombreux tutoriels. Autres outils Voyant Tools : application web pour l\u0026rsquo;analyse textuelle en ligne.\nSite web : https://voyant-tools.org/ Prise en main : overview, utilisation en ligne et installation du serveur en local Guide d\u0026rsquo;utilisation : https://edutechwiki.unige.ch/fr/Voyant_Tools KH Coder : logiciel pour l\u0026rsquo;analyse quantitative de données textuelles.\nSite web : https://khcoder.net/en/ Installation Orange Data Mining Sur Windows En bref Téléchargez et ouvrez le fichier d\u0026rsquo;installation d\u0026rsquo;Orange3 ici. Suivez l\u0026rsquo;assistant d\u0026rsquo;installation pour installer Orange 3 et ses dépendances (Python 3.4, NumPy, etc.). Installez le module complémentaire Text. Redémarrez l\u0026rsquo;application. Continuez avec l\u0026rsquo;étape Test. Instructions détaillées Téléchargez le fichier d\u0026rsquo;installation et enregistrez-le dans un emplacement arbitraire. Démarrez l\u0026rsquo;installation en double-cliquant sur le fichier téléchargé. Choisissez Oui lorsqu\u0026rsquo;on vous demande si vous souhaitez autoriser ce programme à apporter des modifications à votre ordinateur.\nLe programme d\u0026rsquo;installation vous demandera de confirmer l\u0026rsquo;installation de Miniconda (pour python) sur votre ordinateur. Appuyez sur OK. Si Python est déjà installé, cette étape n\u0026rsquo;est pas nécessaire.\nSuivez l\u0026rsquo;assistant d\u0026rsquo;installation pour installer Miniconda. Vous pouvez conserver les paramètres par défaut et attendre la fin de l\u0026rsquo;installation. Après, l\u0026rsquo;assistant installera Orange 3 et ses dépendances. Cette étape peut prendre un certain temps.\nDouble-cliquez sur l\u0026rsquo;icône du bureau Orange pour démarrer l\u0026rsquo;application Orange.\nPour installer les widgets Text et Textable , suivez le menu Options-\u0026gt;Add-Ons\u0026hellip; Dans le champ de texte, recherchez \u0026ldquo;text\u0026rdquo;, puis cochez la case Text et textable et appuyez sur OK. Cela nous donnera acces à des analyses textuelles!\nPour que les modifications prennent effet, vous devez redémarrer l\u0026rsquo;application. Fermez la fenêtre principale d\u0026rsquo;Orange, puis double-cliquez sur l\u0026rsquo;icône Orange sur le bureau pour redémarrer l\u0026rsquo;application Orange.\nSur Mac OS X En bref Téléchargez la dernière version d\u0026rsquo;Orange (c\u0026rsquo;est-à-dire un fichier d\u0026rsquo;installation dmg) depuis le site Web d\u0026rsquo;Orange Data Mining, installez-la sur votre système et passez à l\u0026rsquo;étape Test.\nInstructions détaillées Téléchargez la dernière version\nOuvrez le fichier d\u0026rsquo;installation en double-cliquant sur son icône.\nUne fenêtre comme celle ci-dessous devrait s\u0026rsquo;ouvrir. Faites glisser l\u0026rsquo;icône orange et relâchez-la sur l\u0026rsquo;icône Applications.\nVous pouvez maintenant ouvrir Orange à partir de votre dossier Applications. Ouvrez simplement le dossier Applications, recherchez l\u0026rsquo;application nommée Orange, cliquez sur son icône pour la sélectionner et ouvrez-la en choisissant Ouvrir dans le menu Fichier du Finder. Vous devez utiliser cette procédure au lieu d\u0026rsquo;un double clic pour ouvrir Orange, c\u0026rsquo;est-à-dire des applications non enregistrées, pour la première fois.\nInstallez le module complémentaire Text en sélectionnant Modules complémentaires dans le menu Options\nTest de l\u0026rsquo;environnement Vous devriez voir un écran de bienvenue comme celui illustré ci-dessous lorsque vous démarrez Orange. Choisissez Examples. Vous pouvez également accéder aux tutoriels en sélectionnant Examples dans le menu Aide.\nUne fenêtre comme celle ci-dessous s\u0026rsquo;ouvrira.\nSélectionnez le flux de travail File and Data tables et cliquez sur Open pour l’ouvrir.\nThat\u0026rsquo;s it, Bravo!\n","permalink":"/resources/workshop/module2-analyse-texte/outils/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"outils-pour-lanalyse-textuelle-sans-codage\"\u003eOutils pour l\u0026rsquo;analyse textuelle sans codage\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"orange-data-mining\"\u003eOrange Data Mining\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrésentation\u003c/strong\u003e : \u003ca href=\"https://orangedatamining.com/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eOrange\u003c/a\u003e est une suite logicielle open-source d\u0026rsquo;analyse de données qui propose des widgets pour le machine learning et la visualisation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFonctionnalités pour le texte\u003c/strong\u003e :\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrétraitement du texte.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVisualisation des données textuelles.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eModélisation de sujets.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnalyse de sentiment.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvantages\u003c/strong\u003e :\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInterface glisser-déposer.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePas besoin de programmation.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommunauté active et nombreux tutoriels.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"autres-outils\"\u003eAutres outils\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVoyant Tools\u003c/strong\u003e : application web pour l\u0026rsquo;analyse textuelle en ligne.\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Tools"},{"content":"Collecting Data with the Twitter API V2 In this section, we explore how to use the Twitter API V2 to collect data from Twitter. This includes the full process, from creating a Twitter developer account to setting up a Google Colab environment for running API queries and retrieving data in real time.\nStep 1: Create a Twitter Developer Account To use the Twitter API, you first need a Twitter developer account:\nSign up: go to Twitter Developer and sign in with your Twitter account. Request developer access: click Apply for a Developer Account and follow the instructions. This includes describing your project and explaining why you want API access. Confirmation and access: once your request is approved, you will gain access to the Twitter developer portal. V2 API Pricing Since the recent changes under Elon Musk, access to the Twitter API has become paid, with three main tiers:\nFree plan: only allows tweet publication, up to 1,500 tweets per month. It does not allow extraction of user tweets. Basic plan: priced at $100 per month, it allows extraction of up to 10,000 tweets per month with broader interaction limits. Enterprise plan: offers large-scale access with custom pricing. These options are designed to monetize the API and restrict access to data.\nMore details.\nStep 2: Create a Project and an Application After your account is approved:\nCreate a project: in the developer dashboard, create a new project by clicking Create Project. Give it a name and a description that fit your objectives. Generate API keys: when creating the associated application, Twitter will provide API keys and security tokens. Keep them carefully because they will be required for all your API requests. Step 3: Set Up a Google Colab Environment To run your API requests in Python, Google Colab provides a convenient environment:\nInstall the Required Libraries In Google Colab, run the following command to install tweepy, a Python library for interacting with the Twitter API.\n!pip install tweepy Configure the API Keys Add your API keys and security tokens to your Colab code:\nimport tweepy # Add your keys api_key = \u0026#39;YOUR_API_KEY\u0026#39; api_key_secret = \u0026#39;YOUR_API_SECRET\u0026#39; access_token = \u0026#39;YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN\u0026#39; access_token_secret = \u0026#39;YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET\u0026#39; # Authentication auth = tweepy.OAuthHandler(api_key, api_key_secret) auth.set_access_token(access_token, access_token_secret) api = tweepy.API(auth) Retrieve Data with the API Example of a tweet search:\nfor tweet in tweepy.Cursor(api.search_tweets, q=\u0026#34;your keyword\u0026#34;, lang=\u0026#34;fr\u0026#34;).items(100): print(tweet.text) This code extracts tweets containing a given keyword and displays them in the console.\nAnalyze the Results The extracted data can then be analyzed with text-mining techniques such as sentiment analysis or topic modeling.\n","permalink":"/resources/workshop/module1-introduction/api-x/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"collecting-data-with-the-twitter-api-v2\"\u003eCollecting Data with the Twitter API V2\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this section, we explore how to use the Twitter API V2 to collect data from Twitter. This includes the full process, from creating a Twitter developer account to setting up a Google Colab environment for running API queries and retrieving data in real time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"step-1-create-a-twitter-developer-account\"\u003eStep 1: Create a Twitter Developer Account\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo use the Twitter API, you first need a Twitter developer account:\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Twitter API V2"},{"content":"Réseau d\u0026rsquo;utilisateurs Nous allons construire et analyser un réseau d\u0026rsquo;utilisateurs Twitter basé sur les interactions de réponse.\nRéseau de Tweets utilisateurs Concept Le réseau d\u0026rsquo;utilisateurs Twitter se concentre sur les relations entre utilisateurs à travers leurs réponses. Chaque interaction est représentée par un lien qui aide à visualiser la structure de la conversation et les influences au sein de la communauté.\nNoeuds (Nodes) : représentent les utilisateurs. Liens (Edges) : chaque lien indique qu’un utilisateur (source) a répondu à un autre utilisateur (cible). Objectifs de l\u0026rsquo;analyse Identifier des communautés d\u0026rsquo;utilisateurs engagés dans des sujets spécifiques. Détecter des nœuds centraux influents (comptes recevant de nombreuses réponses). Observer la propagation d\u0026rsquo;informations ou d\u0026rsquo;idées à travers les réponses et mentions. Exemple de cas Pratique Dans ce tutoriel, nous allons utiliser l\u0026rsquo;API Twitter (vous devez disposez d\u0026rsquo;au moins la version payante basic pour suivre (100$)) pour extraire des tweets contenant des réponses et créer un fichier CSV des interactions. Ensuite, nous importerons ces données dans gephi pour visualiser le réseau et détecter les communautés.\nÉtapes Pratiques Extraction des Données : utilisation de l\u0026rsquo;API Twitter pour obtenir des tweets répondant à un sujet particulier. Création du fichier CSV : structurez les données sous forme de source et cible. Visualisation avec Gephi : importez les données dans Gephi pour observer les interactions, détecter les communautés et analyser les influenceurs. Conclusion L\u0026rsquo;analyse des réseaux sur Twitter offre un aperçu puissant des dynamiques de communication et des relations d\u0026rsquo;influence, facilitant une meilleure compréhension des échanges et des tendances sur la plateforme.\n","permalink":"/resources/workshop/module3-analyse-reseaux/section3-twitter/user-network/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"réseau-dutilisateurs\"\u003eRéseau d\u0026rsquo;utilisateurs\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNous allons construire et analyser un réseau d\u0026rsquo;utilisateurs Twitter basé sur les interactions de réponse.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"réseau-de-tweets-utilisateurs\"\u003eRéseau de Tweets utilisateurs\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"concept\"\u003eConcept\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLe réseau d\u0026rsquo;utilisateurs Twitter se concentre sur les relations entre utilisateurs à travers leurs réponses. Chaque interaction est représentée par un lien qui aide à visualiser la structure de la conversation et les influences au sein de la communauté.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNoeuds (Nodes)\u003c/strong\u003e : représentent les utilisateurs.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLiens (Edges)\u003c/strong\u003e : chaque lien indique qu’un utilisateur (source) a répondu à un autre utilisateur (cible).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"objectifs-de-lanalyse\"\u003eObjectifs de l\u0026rsquo;analyse\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIdentifier des \u003cstrong\u003ecommunautés\u003c/strong\u003e d\u0026rsquo;utilisateurs engagés dans des sujets spécifiques.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDétecter des \u003cstrong\u003enœuds centraux\u003c/strong\u003e influents (comptes recevant de nombreuses réponses).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eObserver la \u003cstrong\u003epropagation d\u0026rsquo;informations\u003c/strong\u003e ou d\u0026rsquo;idées à travers les réponses et mentions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"exemple-de-cas-pratique\"\u003eExemple de cas Pratique\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDans ce tutoriel, nous allons utiliser l\u0026rsquo;API Twitter (vous devez disposez d\u0026rsquo;au moins la version payante basic pour suivre (100$)) pour extraire des tweets contenant des réponses et créer un fichier CSV des interactions. Ensuite, nous importerons ces données dans gephi pour visualiser le réseau et détecter les communautés.\u003c/p\u003e","title":"User Network"},{"content":"Co-Commenting Concept Introduction Co-commenting is a concept used to explore relations between YouTube videos based on user interactions in comment sections. If a user comments on several videos, a connection is established between those videos, reflecting possible affinity or thematic similarity.\nIn Graph Terms Nodes: each node represents a YouTube video. Edges: a link is created between two videos if at least one user commented on both. Edge weights: the weight of each link is proportional to the number of users who co-commented on the two videos. Such a network is often analyzed to identify clusters or communities of videos attracting similar audiences.\nObjectives of the Analysis Identify communities: Detect groups of videos that are strongly interconnected through co-commenting. Understand the common themes within those communities. Analyze user engagement: Study user interaction habits. Identify the most popular or engaging videos. Explore content dynamics: Observe how users move across and interact with different videos. Analyze similarities between videos through their audiences. Example of Use Scenario: A co-commenting analysis is carried out on a set of videos about youth in the Sahel.\nSteps: A query is used to collect videos with keywords such as \u0026ldquo;youth in the Sahel\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;social mobilization in the Sahel\u0026rdquo;, or \u0026ldquo;projects for youth in the Sahel\u0026rdquo;. User comments on each video are extracted. A network is generated in which videos are connected if users co-commented on them. Result: A dense cluster is identified around videos presenting local initiatives, such as youth entrepreneurship projects or vocational training. Another community groups videos on political themes, such as the role of youth in social mobilizations or debates on governance in the region. These results help map the topics that concern or inspire young people in the Sahel, understand interaction dynamics across different kinds of content, and identify opportunities to promote initiatives.\nTest your knowledge with real data here.\nConclusion Co-commenting network analysis is a powerful tool for exploring relations between content on YouTube. It helps explain user behavior, identify thematic communities, and study links between videos. This kind of analysis offers useful perspectives for content creators, social science researchers, and digital marketing specialists.\nBy combining co-commenting data with other metrics such as views or likes, it becomes possible to build a broader picture of the YouTube ecosystem and its dynamics.\n","permalink":"/resources/workshop/module3-analyse-reseaux/section4-youtube/co-commentaire/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"co-commenting-concept\"\u003eCo-Commenting Concept\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"introduction\"\u003eIntroduction\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCo-commenting\u003c/strong\u003e is a concept used to explore relations between YouTube videos based on user interactions in comment sections. If a user comments on several videos, a connection is established between those videos, reflecting possible affinity or thematic similarity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"in-graph-terms\"\u003eIn Graph Terms\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNodes\u003c/strong\u003e: each node represents a YouTube video.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEdges\u003c/strong\u003e: a link is created between two videos if at least one user commented on both.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEdge weights\u003c/strong\u003e: the weight of each link is proportional to the number of users who co-commented on the two videos.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuch a network is often analyzed to identify clusters or communities of videos attracting similar audiences.\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Video Co-Commenting Network"},{"content":"Comment Network on a YouTube Video This section focuses on the analysis of interactions between users commenting on a YouTube video in order to visualize engagement around specific content.\nConcept The comment network on a video represents the connections between users sharing their opinions on the same content:\nNodes: users who commented on the video. Edges: a link is created between two users if one replied to the other. Objectives of the Analysis Identify sub-communities of users engaged in similar discussions. Detect the videos generating the most interaction and shared interest. Understand recurring discussion themes and shared views around a video. Example of a Practical Case Practical Steps Data extraction: use the YouTube API to retrieve comments from a specific video. Data preparation: organize the comments to create user pairs linked through the same video. Visualization with Gephi: import the data into Gephi to identify sub-communities and analyze interactions. Test your knowledge with real data here.\nConclusion Analyzing the comment network of a YouTube video helps show how users interact around specific content, revealing shared opinions and engagement around common topics of interest.\n","permalink":"/resources/workshop/module3-analyse-reseaux/section4-youtube/commentaire/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"comment-network-on-a-youtube-video\"\u003eComment Network on a YouTube Video\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis section focuses on the analysis of interactions between users commenting on a YouTube video in order to visualize engagement around specific content.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"concept\"\u003eConcept\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe comment network on a video represents the connections between users sharing their opinions on the same content:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNodes\u003c/strong\u003e: users who commented on the video.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEdges\u003c/strong\u003e: a link is created between two users if one replied to the other.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"objectives-of-the-analysis\"\u003eObjectives of the Analysis\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIdentify \u003cstrong\u003esub-communities\u003c/strong\u003e of users engaged in similar discussions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDetect the videos generating the most interaction and shared interest.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnderstand recurring \u003cstrong\u003ediscussion themes\u003c/strong\u003e and shared views around a video.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"example-of-a-practical-case\"\u003eExample of a Practical Case\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"practical-steps\"\u003ePractical Steps\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData extraction\u003c/strong\u003e: use the YouTube API to retrieve comments from a specific video.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData preparation\u003c/strong\u003e: organize the comments to create user pairs linked through the same video.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVisualization with Gephi\u003c/strong\u003e: import the data into Gephi to identify sub-communities and analyze interactions.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/mkantem/practice-datasets/tree/main/Gephi/Comment%20network\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eTest your knowledge with real data here.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Video Comment Network"},{"content":"Web Scraper (Extension Chrome) Web Scraper est une extension gratuite pour le navigateur Chrome qui vous permet de scraper des données depuis des pages web. Il est idéal pour les utilisateurs sans compétences en programmation qui souhaitent collecter des informations structurées telles que des tableaux, des listes ou des articles.\nIntroduction à Web Scraper Qu\u0026rsquo;est-ce que Web Scraper Web Scraper est un outil très intuitif permettant de créer des plans de scraping (appelés sitemaps) pour extraire des données de manière automatique. Vous pouvez configurer l\u0026rsquo;extension pour capturer différents types de données (texte, images, URLs) en fonction de la structure des pages web.\nPourquoi utiliser Web Scraper Gratuit et facile à utiliser : aucune compétence en programmation n\u0026rsquo;est nécessaire. Interface intuitive : configurez les sitemaps directement via l\u0026rsquo;extension Chrome. Compatibilité : fonctionne bien avec les sites statiques et semi-dynamiques. Installation de Web Scraper Étapes d\u0026rsquo;installation : Ajouter l\u0026rsquo;extension à Chrome :\nRendez-vous sur le Chrome Web Store via ce lien.\nCliquez sur Ajouter à Chrome pour installer l\u0026rsquo;extension.\nUne fois installée, vous verrez l\u0026rsquo;icône de Web Scraper dans la barre d\u0026rsquo;outils de votre navigateur.\nUtilisation de Web Scraper Voici un guide étape par étape pour utiliser Web Scraper et extraire des données à partir d\u0026rsquo;une page web.\nÉtape 0 : Ouvrir la barre d\u0026rsquo;outils Web scraper Ouvrir le menu du navigateur Cliquer sur Plus d\u0026rsquo;outils Cliquer sur Outils de développement Déplacer les outils de développement vers le bas Ouvrir l\u0026rsquo;onglet Web Scraper Voir en video ici\nÉtape 1 : Créer un nouveau sitemap Cliquez sur l\u0026rsquo;icône Web Scraper dans la barre d\u0026rsquo;outils de Chrome. Cliquez sur Sitemaps puis sur Create new sitemap. Entrez l\u0026rsquo;URL du site web que vous souhaitez scraper (par exemple, https://example.com). Donnez un nom à votre sitemap (par exemple, \u0026ldquo;Scraping_liste_d_articles\u0026rdquo;). Notez que dans le nom, seules les lettres, les chiffres (0-9) ou l\u0026rsquo;un des caractères _, (, ), +, - sont autorisés. Étape 2 : Ajouter des sélecteurs Après avoir créé le sitemap, cliquez sur Add new selector. Sélectionnez un élément de la page (par exemple, les titres des articles ou les dates). Vous pouvez cliquer directement sur les éléments à scraper dans la page pour les ajouter comme sélecteurs. Donnez un nom à chaque sélecteur (par exemple, titre ou date). Choisissez le type de données que vous voulez extraire (par exemple, texte ou lien). Répétez ces étapes pour chaque élément que vous souhaitez scraper. Étape 3 : Configurer la pagination Si la page web que vous scrapez a plusieurs pages, vous pouvez configurer la pagination pour scraper plusieurs pages à la fois.\nAjoutez un nouveau sélecteur pour les boutons Suivant ou Page suivante. Sélectionnez Link comme type de sélecteur. Web Scraper suivra ces liens pour extraire des données sur plusieurs pages. Étape 4 : Exécuter le scraping Une fois que tous vos sélecteurs sont configurés, cliquez sur Scrape pour commencer l\u0026rsquo;extraction des données. Web Scraper ouvrira un nouvel onglet et commencera à parcourir les pages pour scraper les données. Vous verrez un indicateur de progression pendant que les données sont extraites. Étape 5 : Exporter les données Une fois le scraping terminé, vous pouvez exporter les données collectées. Cliquez sur Export Data et choisissez le format d\u0026rsquo;exportation : CSV ou XLSX. Ouvrez le fichier exporté dans un tableur ou un autre logiciel pour analyser les données. https://webscraper.io/web-scraper-first-time-install\nExercice pratique Objectif Utiliser Web Scraper pour extraire les titres et les dates des articles d\u0026rsquo;un blog ou d\u0026rsquo;un site d\u0026rsquo;actualités.\nÉtapes Installer l\u0026rsquo;extension Web Scraper via le Chrome Web Store. Créer un nouveau sitemap et ajouter l\u0026rsquo;URL du site à scraper. Ajouter des sélecteurs pour extraire les titres et les dates de publication. Configurer la pagination pour extraire les données de plusieurs pages. Exécuter le scraping et collecter les données. Exporter les données au format CSV ou JSON. Ouvrir et vérifier les données dans un tableur (par exemple, Google Sheets ou Excel). Avantages et limitations Avantages Gratuit : Web Scraper est entièrement gratuit à utiliser. Facilité d\u0026rsquo;utilisation : pas besoin de compétences en programmation. Compatible avec Chrome : fonctionne directement dans le navigateur, sans installation complexe. Limitations Sites dynamiques : web Scraper peut avoir des difficultés avec des sites qui chargent dynamiquement du contenu via JavaScript. Données volumineuses : peut ne pas être idéal pour scraper de très grandes quantités de données ou des sites complexes. Conclusion Web Scraper est une solution simple et efficace pour scraper des données directement depuis des pages web, sans avoir à écrire du code. Grâce à son interface intuitive, il est accessible aux débutants tout en offrant des fonctionnalités puissantes pour extraire des données structurées.\n","permalink":"/resources/workshop/module1-introduction/web-scraper/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"web-scraper-extension-chrome\"\u003eWeb Scraper (Extension Chrome)\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWeb Scraper\u003c/strong\u003e est une extension gratuite pour le navigateur Chrome qui vous permet de scraper des données depuis des pages web. Il est idéal pour les utilisateurs sans compétences en programmation qui souhaitent collecter des informations structurées telles que des tableaux, des listes ou des articles.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"introduction-à-web-scraper\"\u003eIntroduction à Web Scraper\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"quest-ce-que-web-scraper\"\u003eQu\u0026rsquo;est-ce que Web Scraper\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWeb Scraper est un outil très intuitif permettant de créer des plans de scraping (appelés \u003cstrong\u003esitemaps\u003c/strong\u003e) pour extraire des données de manière automatique. Vous pouvez configurer l\u0026rsquo;extension pour capturer différents types de données (texte, images, URLs) en fonction de la structure des pages web.\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Web Scraper (Chrome Extension)"},{"content":"Introduction to Zotero: A Practical Guide for Researchers Welcome to Zotero Zotero is an essential tool for researchers, especially in the social sciences. It simplifies reference management, helps you organize your research efficiently, and makes it easier to create accurate citations.\nGuide Objectives Learn how to use Zotero to manage your references. Discover how to organize bibliographic data for your research projects. Explore advanced features for collaboration and efficiency. Why Zotero? Free and open source: accessible to everyone. Powerful and flexible: compatible with many platforms and formats. Active community: many extensions and rich documentation are available. Guide Structure Introduction Setting up Zotero Adding references Organizing references Citing your sources Hands-on practice Advanced features Additional resources How to Use This Guide Read the sections in order or go directly to what interests you most. Do not forget to complete the practical exercises to gain a better command of the tool.\nStart here with setting up Zotero.\n","permalink":"/resources/bibliographie/zotero/introduction/","summary":"\u003ch1 id=\"introduction-to-zotero-a-practical-guide-for-researchers\"\u003eIntroduction to Zotero: A Practical Guide for Researchers\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"welcome-to-zotero\"\u003eWelcome to Zotero\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZotero is an essential tool for researchers, especially in the social sciences. It simplifies reference management, helps you organize your research efficiently, and makes it easier to create accurate citations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"guide-objectives\"\u003eGuide Objectives\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLearn how to use Zotero to manage your references.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiscover how to organize bibliographic data for your research projects.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExplore advanced features for collaboration and efficiency.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"why-zotero\"\u003eWhy Zotero?\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFree and open source\u003c/strong\u003e: accessible to everyone.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePowerful and flexible\u003c/strong\u003e: compatible with many platforms and formats.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eActive community\u003c/strong\u003e: many extensions and rich documentation are available.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"guide-structure\"\u003eGuide Structure\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntroduction\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSetting up Zotero\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdding references\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrganizing references\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCiting your sources\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHands-on practice\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdvanced features\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdditional resources\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"how-to-use-this-guide\"\u003eHow to Use This Guide\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRead the sections in order or go directly to what interests you most. Do not forget to complete the practical exercises to gain a better command of the tool.\u003c/p\u003e","title":"Zotero"}]